+VERBAL ABUSE – CAN I HEAL MY INFANT MUSICAL BRAIN?

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I have no doubt that our human species participated in dance and music long, long before we had the ability to use words in speech.  I also know that as a newborn infant I could first experience the terrorizing sounds of my mother’s trauma ‘music’ and feel how she physically treated me through her trauma ‘dance’ long, long before I could begin to comprehend what a word was.  Those earliest experiences with my mother affected how my brain developed.  I want to go back now and specifically try to heal my ‘infant’ musical brain.

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If someone explained to me, for example, that the reason I couldn’t walk as well as others was because my feet had been bound tightly from the time I was very small, and the bindings were not removed until I was a teenager, I would be able to make that connection.  I understand what feet have to do with walking.

I took the ability to send and receive spoken word communication and to think in words for granted all of my life until two years ago.  After the shocking stress of being diagnosed with advanced, aggressive breast cancer, and then after following through with all the radical treatments, including chemotherapy, that have saved my life, I now have a different understanding of my own speech related processes.

I understand now that my brain did not learn to process language normally.  I understand that somehow I was able to continue forward in my infant-child development and all the way into adulthood without anyone, my self included, recognizing that my mother’s severe verbal abuse of me had changed the way my language processing abilities developed, and thus changed the regions of my brain and their operation that language-processing abilities rely on.

What I know about myself now post cancer and its treatment is that what I really did from the time I was very, very small was create the equivalent of a house of cards within my brain that gave me the illusion that I processed spoken language in the same way that other people do.  Chemotherapy’s affect on my infant-child abused brain on many levels was that it erased most of the post-critical windows of early development abilities I had ‘learned’ to use so that I could get along in the world.  In other words, chemotherapy erased my memory of how I pretended to be normal.

My language processing abilities were not spared.  I see the image of a beautiful (and believable) brilliantly colored and intricately designed paper Chinese lantern that represents the ways I managed to incorporate enough of how regular people interact with one another in verbal ways so that even I was fooled into believing I was no different from others.  Yet my experience with cancer and its treatment has been that a soaking rain has disintegrated the fragile paper structure of pretending I was ‘OK’.

I am left with a barely flickering candle of what normal human verbal-social interactions are supposed to be like – and none of the extraneous trappings.  By finding the developmental brain research and by trying to understand it, I am learning that the balance of information processing between the two hemispheres of my brain has been altered.  Not only did my right emotional social limbic brain not develop normally, but neither did my left brain (as a right-handed person).

With the secondary (later learned) structure of my language processing abilities wiped away, I am left with the experience of what my primary language processing abilities are really like.  It is only now that I am beginning to gain willingness to look behind the illusions of normalcy for myself that I am beginning to understand what my mother’s extreme verbal abuse of me from the time I was born did to me.

At the same time I consider myself fortunate to be living in the period of human history when understandings about the intricate workings of the human brain are being discovered.  I am fortunate also to be living at a time when I can find related important information in my own world through the internet.  In some strange way that I cannot pinpoint or name exactly, I also realize that my having cancer, being treated for it, and still being alive – now with this NEW information about the way my brain REALLY processes language combined with access to new brain discovery information – is giving me the fantastic opportunity to combine my personal story of surviving severe infant-child abuse with new-found awareness of how early verbal abuse impacts a young brain during its critical-window periods of rapid growth and development.

I am the living, breathing, walking, talking, hearing, listening result of my mother’s incredible infant-child severe abuse experiment.  I don’t suffer from anything as blatantly obvious as having the consequence of bound feet.  I suffer from the invisible, internal, brain structural changes that her abuse of me created.  At the same time I don’t have any understanding of what brain regions look like.  Words used to describe them are foreign to me, and most of them I cannot form my mental tongue around enough to grasp what these words even sound like!

But understand them I must because I am out of the loop of normal social interactions, home alone with an invisible 100% disability that frankly enrages me and causes me great sadness.  Not only did my right brain not learn how to read ‘social cues’ or facial expressions normally, my left brain did not grow in such a way that verbally expressed words are connected and associated with the underlying expression of emotion and intention of the speaker in normal ways.

If I were to be given the choice between two gifts, one being a platinum jewel studded necklace worth millions and the other being the information that research such as Dr. Martin Teicher’s presents about how early abuse changes the brain, I would not hesitate to accept the latter.  Most unfortunately my body-brain knows within its every fiber what Dr. Teicher is talking about when he writes the following:

The study on verbal abuse is the first to be published, though the overall hypothesis on distinctive sensory damage has so far panned out when the unpublished work is also considered.  The findings of this study “set the stage for what we’re seeing in the other ongoing studies—that sensory systems are vulnerable,” said Teicher.   “The brain is probably suppressing the development of sensory systems that are providing adverse input.”   That is, children’s brains seem to “turn down the volume” on abusive words, images and even pain.   The result is diminished integrity in these sensory pathways.

At the same time I know it wasn’t JUST the “deleterious effect of ridicule, humiliation, and disdain on brain connectivity” that changed the way my brain grew its language abilities.  In fact, I suspect I would be far better off today if the development brain changes I suffered from my mother’s verbal abuse of me had at least WAITED to happen once I even understood what ridicule, humiliation and distain even were.  Because my mother’s hatred and abuse of me began at the time of my birth, my body-brain had to change its development from my very beginnings.

My suspicion is that dissociation began to find its way into my body-brain development during the first interactions I had with my mother.  As a result, my body-brain has NEVER stored memory in an ordinary way.  Because of this fact, I have what is probably an unusual ability to both remember things I should not remember and to NOT remember things that I should.  Repeated patterns of abusive interactions, which began at my birth, formed themselves into my body-brain in such a way that dissociation itself became a superhighway of connectivity rather than the desired patterns of association.  I can remember my mother’s interactions with me well before I reached the age of words.

This is true because I was born into an infant world that was about as different from normal as it could possibly be.  I didn’t forget these patterns of interactions with my abusive mother from birth, either.  They built the body-brain I have as they built themselves INTO the body-brain I have.  There’s nothing unusual about this fact, either.  ALL of us have the patterns of our earliest interactions with our infant caregivers built into us – because they BUILT us.

When an ordinarily-built person encounters a group of strangers, how they interact with them on all levels, including verbal exchange, happens through a remembering of their earliest caregiver interactions that built them.

I find that I am surprised by the next thoughts that entered my mind as I wrote this last sentence.  My mind is telling me that I thought I’d made progress as I came to understand that interactions between people, including verbal ones, could be looked at as if they were mostly on one of a continuum or the other.  I thought that continuum was about prosocial interactions or antisocial interactions.  Now I realize that I see another entirely different continuum that exists in its own right as an entirely different way.

People like me, who suffered enough severe abuse from birth, operate in our human interactions on this other continuum.  I suspect that the Austic brain shares the features of this continuum, a continuum that simply shows the degrees of unsocial interactions our brains were built with.  The unsocial brain has a different set of rules than does a brain that includes on the ends of its continuum degrees of prosocial or antisocial abilities.  The unsocialized brain is based in its foundational construction on dissociations rather than associations.  It is a brain built from social isolation and ‘maternal deprivation’.

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As I mentioned above, I had no way to know that I had a dissociational unsocialized brain until my experience with cancer and its treatment erased all the secondary human social interactional abilities that I had somehow learned far later, and far down the road from ‘normal’.  They could be erased and ‘forgotten’ because they were secondary and not primary.  Now I am left with two ongoing parallel experiences.  I experience myself with my unsocial brain at the same time I remember when I could ‘act as if’ I had a socialized brain.  But I do not believe I can ever get back the secondary socialized brain I had before cancer.  That brain, with its complex set of secondary (learned) patterns of ‘normal’ human interactional abilities has vanished as certainly as a paper Chinese lantern in a hard rain.

Because I live with this unsocial brain I can say that two simultaneous experiences I know about first hand are (1) I do not receive or process sensory information normally, and (2) I have a fundamentally altered sense of time – and therefore of timing.  While these two aspects of the way my brain formed affect every experience that I have, they create the most difficulty for me as a human being in my relationships with others.

Words become words in any language we might speak because we can recognize where each one starts and where it ends.  Next, we understand the agreed upon meaning that each word refers to.  If we listen to a language that is not our own, we do not recognize word starts and stops, nor do we understand their meanings.

I now recognize for myself that I don’t actually have a first language at all.  The language that I began to learn from the time I was born was a language purely of emotion.  Not only that, but the first language I learned was about extremely overwhelming SOUND coupled with physical pain caused by brutal and violent motion.  My mother didn’t wait until I had the advanced mental abilities formed into my brain that would have let me begin to comprehend what the words “ridicule, humiliation and disdain” might actually mean.

The associations being made in my infant brain were that the sound, the feel, the look of my mother threatened my existence.  I believe my body knew this fact profoundly.  My mother’s roaring, screaming voice were coupled with (associated with) the look of her distorted, contorted, twisted, wide-eyed, wide-mouthed psychotically violent hate-filled face.  The sound of her, the look of her face, were coupled with (associated with) the rage-dilled steely hard grip of her hands, with her pinches, slaps, thumps, slaps along with the heavy thundering stomp of her feet.

So why would I be surprised now to find that the actual words that fall out of people’s lips are far from being my first concern?  Why would I wonder now why there is often a great distance of time between when those words fall out and when I can actually make any logical sense out of them?  Why would I wonder that my verbal interactional space is slow and loose and broad and wide with ill-defined edges rather than being tight and clear and succinct and efficient and FAST?

Language spoken by other people (all but those I am closest to and most safe and secure with) is about how the sound of that person first affects me.  What they actually say means very little to me at all.  If there is stress for me in the interaction, often I can watch a person’s lips move without hearing the sound of their words at all.

Listening to spoken language happens for me mostly in the realm of courtesy and consideration, not because I am comfortable with it – or even need it myself.  I am always concerned on my most fundamental levels with assessing information for threat and risk of harm and for another person’s TRUE intentions.  That level of meaning is, for me, nearly completely divorced from the actual words a person rattles out of their mouth.

It can, therefore, take me a very long time to understand others’ questions and to respond to them.  There is often a wide blank dissociational pause in the conversation while I work very hard inside of myself to negotiate this human social space.  Even though I try hardest to determine intention and risk of harm, at the same time I did not build within my brain the normal capacity for reading nonverbal social signals.  I now completely understand that social verbal interactions with others are exhausting for me, and that I do not do them well.

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That leads me to the next step in my own thinking.  At 58 years old I am now approaching my own logical conclusion.  I probably had developed within me what might be a supremely musical brain.  This suspicion brings to my mind the writings of Daniel J. Levitin about the human brain and music.  It makes me think about the writings of Arnold H. Modell on the human mirror neuron system as he describes how the essentials of human movement might be best described in terms of dance from before we are born.  It also makes me want to include what Dr. Dacher Keltner says about the brain stem connection between laughter and later-developing human verbal language (Born to Be Good: The Science of a Meaningful Life).

How strange it might seem to think about my mother’s profound abuse of me from birth in these simple terms:  The terrible and terrifying noise and sound of my mother was her music toward me.  The terrible and terrifying, traumatic movement of her was her dance toward me

If we suspend all the intellectual concepts we are tempted to apply in our thinking about newborns in interaction with their mothers – as they begin to happen to all of us from the moment we are born – and begin to understand that it is the patterns of our mother’s music and of her dance that are impacting our developing body-brain, perhaps we can begin to think in terms of a different kind of medicine that might help in our healing.

About a year before I ever knew I had the cancer, I experienced something that actually scared me.  I had bought myself an electric guitar.  One day I decided to give myself permission to play with it for as long as I wanted.  Four hours went by as if they were four minutes. After I put the guitar backing its case and walked away, I realized that my mind was full of music.  Not words, just patterns of notes and rhythms in ongoing streams without beginning or end.

What scared me was that I could not alter this flow of musical patterns  for nearly 48 hours except when I consciously forced myself to focus momentarily on some other action.  – notice the stop sign ahead of me when I was driving, or going through the actions to make a pot of coffee or a piece of toast.

At that time I was committed to my developmental brain studies and to my writing.  I decided not to let myself return to that level of music involvement because I believed it would interfere with my ‘work’.  Well, many thousands of hours and probably millions of written words later, I am making the decision to pursue an experiment with myself.

I accept that I will not be able to achieve the kind of mastery over guitar technique that I want or need, so I am making the very big decision to pull $519.95 out of my pitiful total savings of $1,800 and buy myself an electric piano.  I am choosing to spend that (to me) very large chunk of money because I am beginning to understand that allowing myself to think in music might be the single best medicine I can provide for my brain.  I am also purchasing and Audiogram so I can record myself thinking and go back and follow my conversations with myself – and between my brain hemispheres.  (The more perfect-pitch and consistent sound quality, the better)

I don’t have a history of musical study.  I cannot (yet?) read music.  But the more I come to understand that this last subject I am considering in my studies, how my mother’s verbal abuse of me FIRST affected my brain-body development as a dancing-musical human being, the more profoundly I am beginning to understand that at no time in my life have I actually been ‘normal’ or ‘ordinary’.  I was not built that way.

So if wordless music and dance is the human first language, and if it is the language that continued to build my brain far into the stages when patterns of prosocial verbal speech should have taken over my associational brain patterns, then I think it’s time I gave myself permission to think and speak in my own first language.

Who knows?  Maybe I can go all the way back in the very structure of my brain and rewrite and overwrite what was put in there by the monster from the very beginnings of when I could listen to sound.  Maybe I will find my own first and primary language.  Maybe I will create it.  I will certainly be able to express it.  Of that I have no doubt.

NOTE:  Although this might seem to be an unrelated topic, it is not.  When I was 13 and in 8th grade, I was able to discover in PE class that I was extremely gifted in playing basketball.  If ever I was to know what living in a state of perfect magic is like (other than what I expect to experience now with music), it was the experience of gliding around a basketball court with many other bodies while being oblivious to their existence as real physical objects.  There were only three objects on the full and busy court:  My body, the basketball, and the hoop.  I never took aim.  I never thought.  And I never missed a shot, not even if that shot took place halfway down the court, over everyone else’s head.

As an out-of-shape 58 year old I don’t expect to ever experience the magic of that game as it was for me when I was 13.  I know it was a related ability to autism in some way I don’t quite understand.  Part of how it happened was because I lived in dissociated space where self consciousness did not exist.  I fully expect to be able to recreate that space in the privacy of my own home, hooked to a perfectly tuned electric piano keyboard through head phones.

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I was going to present today a study of these three brain regions that Teicher talked about in his article, Cutting Words May Scar Young Brains, but evidently there were other things I needed to write about.  When I think about his other article, Abuse and Sensitive Periods, from my post +THE ‘TERROR-ABLE’ CONSEQUENCES OF INFANT-CHILDHOOD VERBAL ABUSE, I realize that I already know the truth of what he is saying even if I can’t yet literally understand the specific brain region information he is also writing about.  Right now it is more important to me to get my electric piano keyboard ordered and on its way.  The rest of this study can happen later.

Among those who [solely] experienced parental verbal abuse, three statistically significant disturbed pathways emerged:

— the arcuate fasciculus, involved in language processing;

—  part of the cingulum bundle, altered in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and associated with depression and dissociation; and

part of the fornix, linked to anxiety.  The degree of disruption of the normal flow correlated with the severity of abuse.

PLEASE READ FULL ARTICLE HERE

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+WHAT IS LONELY? FEELING SO ALONE ALONE

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My topic is loneliness.  It is that life-long recurring state of isolation and aloneness that has never left me for long.  I live with it now nearly constantly.  I want to learn more about my aloneness because I have no more hope that it is ever truly going to leave me in this lifetime.  At times my aloneness attacks me, gripping me in a death lock and does not let go.

I  returned this weekend to an event that happened to me 23 years ago when I was nearly 36 years old that I suspect holds a key to something I need to learn about myself.  At this age I had been gone from home nearly 18 years, the same length of time I had lived in my mother’s abusive home.  Eighteen years seemed like a long, long time.

I read my age 34 journal, and have transcribed much of my age 35 journal.  I was looking for the date that this event I wonder about happened.  I found the date, but I wrote nothing about the event itself, so just now had to recall it from memory.

This event can be singled out as an important one for me that I have never understood, but it belongs to the story of my life.  In the story of my life I found myself for over 30 years being attracted to Native American teachings.  In the journal I transcribed today I pulled out the dates that came to be related to my first introduction into Native American ceremony.  I have not attended any kind of ceremony for the past 15 years, and do not anticipate ever attending one again — but that is a whole different story.

Yet as I read what I wrote at 34 and 35, I was again reminded of those years of being a recently divorced single mother of three children in the far north country of northern Minnesota, on welfare, in poverty, struggling to find a way to find myself in spite of every choice I had ever made that created the situation I was living in.  I obviously knew by then about the seriousness of the infant-child abuse I had experienced — but I had no idea how to connect what had happened to me with who I was, or what any of it really meant.

I could not recognize that so much of what I struggled with was due to very real brain-mind difficulties that were a consequence of an entire infant-childhood of severe abuse.  Those difficulties are still with me, but at least now I recognize them for what they are and realize that most of them have always been permanent.

NOTE:  Of the $336 our family received in AFDC grant per month, the state received $290 per month in child support from my ex-husband for his two daughters.  The state paid the difference of $46.  He paid his support faithfully, and as a result we also received an additional $50 check from the state every month as ‘incentive pay’.  In the nearly 25 years since my son was born his father still owes the bulk of his child support, none of which was paid during the years I raised his son alone.  We also received medical coverage and around $100 per month in food stamps.  In time the county allotted me five hours a week of paid respite day-care for my extremely active baby.  I doubt I could have kept the family together without this help.

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These two links travel to this part of my story.

A slice of my life for the year between my youngest son’s 1st and 2nd birthday:

*Age 34-35 (August 1986 – August 1987) First Sweat Ceremony

The story of one July night:

*Age 35 – Bear Butte and the circle around me (1987)

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+THE TOPIC OF TEASING: TOO HARD TO CONSIDER?

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When I turned the next page after the chapter on laughter in Keltner’s book my first reaction was aversion.  This isn’t the aversion of disgust I would feel if someone handed me a white china plate with a serving of dog turds in the center of it.  It’s more the aversion I would feel to continuing down a path once I saw a large diamond back rattler stretched across it.  It’s like the aversion I would feel should I be asked to step up on stage to join a chorus line of showgirls scantily dressed and overly plumed in Las Vegas, or should I be asked to sing the national anthem from the center of a pro football stadium in front of thousands.

That’s a strong negative reaction to the single word that appears at the top of Dr. Dacher Keltner’s 2009 book’s (Born to Be Good: The Science of a Meaningful Life) next page as the heading for his next chapter:  Teasing.

I am experiencing the ‘freeze, hide and flee’ half of the fight/flight stress reaction.  There’s no ‘fight’ for me here except for the fight I am experiencing inside my self about facing my fears by plowing through a topic that obviously makes me feel completely uncomfortable.  I am presented with a challenge here to which I respond with feelings of incompetence and un-confidence.  I KNOW I am an unequipped gladiator in the arena of normal human teasing.

It is only because of my commitment to reading Keltner’s entire book and to learning about my self as the severe infant-child abuse survivor that I am that I marshal my courage and willingness to pay attention both to the information that Keltner presents and to my own difficulties with it.  I know from my experience of aversion to the topic that there is something important here I need to understand.  I know from the start both that I am not going to like what I find here, and that what I find will reflect a truth about how the severe abuse I experienced from birth changed me into someone who is different from the person I could have become had this severe abuse not happened to me.

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Because my experience of severe infant-child abuse contained very specific, unusual, uncommon and unique patterns, I have found myself falling through nearly every single crack in the ‘psychological’ theories about how child abuse can affect adult survivors.  Because my abuse began at birth, I have had to learn that ‘recovery’ of abilities I supposedly ‘used to have’ before severe trauma happened to me is not possible.  My journey of healing is mostly about what I can uncover and discover connected to what was done to me rather than to recover anything.

I have to connect-the-dots of the information I uncover and discover about being myself in the world in far different ways than non-early severe infant-child abuse survivors might get to.  I cannot take for granted even the most basic facts about what it means to be a member of our social human species.  This is mostly true because my mother didn’t just use one massive club of abuse against me from the time I was born.  She had a second massive club that she wielded over me equally:  extreme social isolation.  Being bludgeoned from birth and for the next 18 years by one of these clubs would have all but obliterated me.  Being attacked on all fronts by a combination of the two clubs has made me into a person who very nearly fits the description of a nonsocial species of one.

I am left having to uncover and discover more of what is uniquely different about me from others than what is similar or the same.  Yet I was born a member of a social species.  Everything that is different for me happens according to categories of experience that I share with all others.  It’s just that within each of these categories of possibilities about what it means to be human and what it feels like to be human, I experience patterns of being-in-the-world that are different for me than for nearly all others.

As I encountered my aversion to Keltner’s chapter heading on teasing it didn’t take me very long in scanning the next pages to understand that the topic of teasing is about one of these socially-human categories.  Although Keltner does not make the obvious connection between teasing and attachment patterns, I do.  In fact, the connection is more than glaringly obvious to me.

I suggest that a clear appraisal of our competency of interactions within the arena of teasing activity can show us the kind of social brain we have.. At the same time this appraisal can tell us about the kinds of infant-child interactions we had with our earliest caregivers while the foundation of our emotional-social brain was built from the time of our birth.

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At the same time that I now want to turn to Keltner’s actual presentation of information on teasing, I am experiencing one of my own inner reactions I wrote about earlier in the week.  I hear that warning:  “Do not enter.  Past this point all angels fear to tread.”  I realize that if I cross this line, move past this point, I am at risk for inviting in The Furies.

At the same time I realize there is a second sign posted beside the first.  This one reads, “You cannot get there from here.”  I don’t even have time to consider what this second sign means before I notice a third one that reads, “What is true for most others is absolutely not true for you.”  Oh!  And a fourth sign!  “If you choose to follow down this pathway you must understand that none of what you will find here can be taken personally.  Whatever you are missing in regard to teasing did not come about through any fault of your own.”

If the presence of all those signs aren’t warning enough that I better consider carefully what I am going to choose to do next, I see a flash of yellow through the trees and underbrush just around a curve of the pathway ahead of me.  I walk toward it and see yellow crime scene plastic ribbons strung across the pathway and wound around the bushes on both sides of the pathway into the forest as far as I can see.  At the same time I see a gleaming silver pair of giant scissors lying on the ground in the center of the path right in front of the tape.

I am standing here thinking about this carefully.  What might the repercussions be for me if I pick up these scissors, snap through that yellow tape and continue forward down this pathway?  What might the ramifications be of gaining conscious knowledge about something my body already knows but has no words to describe?  Would I rather be skinned alive than uncover what I am going to discover about myself in this body-brain in this lifetime should I carefully read this chapter?

Believe me, readers.  This is turning into a really long pause here…….  There are more than a few parts of myself I have to consult with before I can make this decision.

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One thing I know today from the information Keltner presents in his book on this topic.  True teasing in the human social arena is NOT about aggression.  If there is aggression present, it is not teasing.  There is not supposed to be anything terrible — ‘terror able’ — about teasing.   Obviously, for me, there was in my “Something Wicked This Way Comes” version of a childhood.

I should not be surprised, given the continual reign of my mother’s verbal abuse of me (included within her unending repertoire of violence), that her so-called teasing was extremely vicious, hurtful and WRONG — from the time I was born.

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+NOT INVITING IN THE FURIES

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What I did to myself by writing yesterday’s post was not kind, or gentle, or wise.  Of course I didn’t know at the time that I was putting myself through the clear paces that the part of May Sarton’s poem I posted the other day describes.  Yesterday I innocently invited in The Furies and it has taken 24 hours for the angels, who are also “never far away” to help me reestablish some kind of inner balance.

I am fortunate today that yesterday’s nasty storm seems to have abated.  Today I have what May Sarton mentioned in her poem:

“It is the light that matters,
The light of understanding.
Who has ever reached it
Who has not met the furies again and again:
Who has reached it without
Those sudden acts of grace?

-From “The Angels And The Furies”

I have received comments over time about my writing from several people whose opinions I highly value and appreciate.  They have told me that most of the time my writing is too intellectual, too detached, distant, remote and objective, too sparse of emotion and personal detail.  Well, I can promise you now that “the light that matters, the light of understanding” that I had to suffer through yesterday to GET now clearly tells me that this is just the way I am going to write – because it is all I can afford.

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I might have just as well stood on the thick ice of a raging frozen river yesterday with a lit stick of dynamite in my hands that I used to blow a whole in that ice so that I could crash through it and get swept down that river, under the ice, unable to escape.

I became overwhelmed by sorrow and sadness and spent the rest of my day and night fighting to overcome it.  I did that to myself, and it was not pretty.  I had dumped myself back into a survival mode where I was fighting, absolutely alone, for my life.  My “light of understanding” commitment to myself today is that I don’t care what anyone else says, wants or needs, I will never do that to myself again.  I cannot afford to.

Only those who suffered from the worst-case kinds of terrible infant-child abuse, particularly by their mother from birth can ever begin to understand the devastating power such a FURY has to obliterate a tiny developing self.  Every single possible avenue we could find to survive – because there was no possible way to escape – became a part of the very body-brain we live with.  Yesterday, without realizing it, I violated my own self-protective measures and caused myself the experience of remembering a part of my overwhelming pain.  I will not do that again – Duh!

There is no place within myself that I can return safely to any part of my childhood other than to my experiences with the mountain land of Alaska itself.  Every single other part of my infant-childhood is connected to absolute, fundamental misery.  I learned yesterday that I have needs in the present in order to ever begin to write about the emotions of my experience that I DO NOT HAVE around me in my life today.

First of all, I am sick.  I have a nasty cold, the likes of which I have not suffered for well over 20 years.  My body is the single continuous fortitude of protection I have counted on to carry me through my life from the moment I was born.  I am – quite obviously – at my weakest when my immune system reacts to a physical sickness attack.

Secondly, I am thousands of miles away from my family and my closest friends.  I do not have a therapist.  I cannot afford one and I couldn’t find one competent or capable enough to help me now, anyway.  I choose not to take psychotropic medications, which is usually OK unless I take stupid steps that overwhelm the systems I have in place within myself to keep me in a place of reasonable balance.

I do not have a support system close to me.  I do not have a safety net.  When I took my own steps yesterday to invite The Furies in I did so with good intentions, but I made a big mistake.  By the time I figured this out yesterday, I had crashed through the ice and was gone.  The simplest piece of information I now have as a result of my miserable experience yesterday is that next time I am writing and the words “going where Angels fear to tread” I am going to turn around and run as fast as I possibly can in the other direction!  I received that warning yesterday, and I kept on going.

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Several hours after I posted yesterday I knew exactly the point in my writing yesterday where my lit stick of dynamite exploded and little dissociated me flew to pieces and disappeared into the ice-covered raging river.  I am taking a risk even at this moment by going back and retrieving the phrase that shows where the “perfect storm” was born.  I hear the angels’ warning.  I tell them, “Only these few words.  I hear you.  I am being extra careful.”  I am determined to prove my own point.  Some of readers might have noticed this, anyway.

This was the fulcrum point.  It came in my description of how those that love me loved me during my experience with cancer:

Until I felt what I did last Friday I had no idea how the people who loved me felt as they all traveled thousands of miles, one after the other, to support me and to care for me and to love me as I went through the grueling chemotherapy and eventual surgery that would allow me to remain in their lives.”

I clearly did not think and therefore did not say that these loved ones helped me to REMAIN IN MY OWN LIFE.  I said they helped me to remain in theirs.

Enough said.  You get my point.  I don’t want to invite some giant auger to fall out of the sky on top of my head today to take me down, down, down, down…..

++++

I am wiser today, even though my cold still has my body in its grip.  I am back up here on the surface of the world where I belong.  I will do things today like rest when I need to, clean the kitchen table off, maybe wash my kitchen floor until it shines in the infrequent moments the sun breaks through the high clouds.

I have “the light of understanding” that I can fully give myself permission to write what I can write the way I can write it.  Yesterday I put myself into the problem of my childhood, not the solution.  I most want to work at understanding what happened to my mother that made her into the monster she was.  I want to understand how the millions of separate, individual terrorizingly brutal encounters I had with her changed me in my development.  I want to make informed connections about the conditions of infant-children that lead to either their increased or decreased well-being throughout their life spans.

If there are in the future people who want to be close with me to support me with their love so that I can enter a space safely and securely in order to ‘go back’ to the emotion and details of my childhood (any more than I already have), it is only THEN that a different level of my writing can appear on this blog.

In the meantime, I am going to let the angels surround me up, down, side to side.  I will take precautions to keep myself in the present and not travel into that dangerous fog as I did yesterday.  Hell is too short, brief, simple and inadequate of a word to even begin to describe the conditions of a severely abused infant-child’s experience is like.  There truly are no words to express or to explain that kind of trauma.  Trying to put those experiences into words can be an extremely dangerous occupation, one that I am not willingly going to participate in again.

Please refer to my previous writings about the dangers of DISCLOSURE.  I need to heed my own words.  Nobody else can do it for me.  I am still fragile today, raw and shaky.  I will go now and do what needs to be done:  BE GOOD TO ME.

As Sarton wrote:

“Able to bless and forgive
Ourselves.
This is what is asked of us.”

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Still brings a smile — watch this video!

TIGER MOTHER ADOPTS PIGLETS

And, MORE TO THE STORY with MORE PICTURES

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

+EMOTIONAL BLINDNESS – WONDERING WHAT LOVE IS

++++

I am trying to think about an emotional experience I had the other day so that I can write about it.  At the same time I realize I cannot think about it separately from writing about it.  If my words don’t follow themselves across a page they disappear like lemmings over a cliff into oblivion.  Partly this is true because I am in an inner battle with ambiguity.  If I write this piece most of the ambiguity will vanish.  But because of the 18 years of abuse I suffered from my severe Borderline mother, her brain patterns were built into me, and it’s a known fact that Borderlines DO NOT LIKE ambiguity as A. J. Mahari describes:

Borderlines have not learned how to relate in healthy ways. Borderlines have not experienced the world as loving, fair or trustworthy place. Borderline ambiguity is born from the two-faced damage of the betrayal of a parent, both parents and or one’s primary care-givers.

What I experienced the other day that I MAYBE want to understand has to do with the fact that not once in the 18 years of my childhood did I ever feel loved by either my mother or by my father.  I have written before that one of the main reasons I believe I did not turn out just like my mother is that nobody ever betrayed me the way my child-mother was betrayed.

Nobody ever loved me.  Nobody pretended to love me.  I was not exposed to what were the devastating effects of the conditional love my grandparents used to manipulate my mother and destroy her brain-mind.  I was just plain hated without hope of reprieve.  Yet at the same time the underlying lack of awareness of what it feels like not to be truly loved affects me just as it affected my mother.  The love circuitry from safe and secure attachment with early caregivers was not built correctly into either my mother’s or my own early forming body-brain-mind-self – or later forming one, either.

++++

My inner battle with ambiguity today is about whether or not I want to face some of what this means to and for me.  Am I better off not knowing what an examination of my last week’s experience can show me about who and how I am in the world?  Is it helpful for me to follow my own thoughts in my writing to some more unambiguous place where I will be out of this thick enveloping fog of not knowing what this experience has to teach me?

I both want to know at the same time I don’t want to know.  Do I stay right here in this murky ambiguous place or do I choose to take a step in my next thoughts toward the light of clarity?  At the same time I ask myself this question I understand that right here is a place where I can differentiate my own self from my mother.  I can make this choice.  My mother could not.

This does not mean that taking this step toward differentiation from my mother’s brain-mind as she formed herself into mine is easy.  This does not mean that stepping toward the light of conscious reflection and illumination, toward understanding of the truth is easy.  It just means that for me, unlike for my mother, taking this step is possible.

++++

Unlike what Leigh Eric Schmidt, the Charles Warren Professor of the History of Religion in America at Harvard Divinity School might say, I do not believe it is possible for humans to have any experience of themselves in the world that does not directly involve their brain’s processing of information.  The 18 years of severe abuse I suffered from my mother built the brain I now have to use to try to understand all of my experiences of myself in my life.  Today’s excursion into exploring my last week’s experience is no exception.

Nearly all of the associational processes that went on behind the closed doors of my mother’s mind happened completely outside the range of her consciousness attention.  My mother was a dangerous, violently explosive madwoman.  Growing up, I knew about her violence but I did not know about her madness.  How could I?  It had greeted me with the first breath I ever took in this world and it continued unabated throughout all my developmental stages until I was 18.

As a result of the free rein (and free reign) my mother had in her home to do anything she wanted to, there was always only one single pattern for me.  She erupted, hurt me, and I suffered.  All that suffering built me as it built itself into me, and it was never accompanied by any experience of love.

As a young infant-child grows into its body-brain-mind-self, it is supposed to be helped to differentiate experience.  It is supposed to learn that it exists as a separate entity, and it is supposed to form not only its own stable self, but also a clear stable connection to this self.  All of this process is negotiated through the experience of emotion.  Emotions have to become ever more clearly differentiated from one another so that the self can have access to its own information about being in the world.

I did not go through ANY of these differentiation stages of development normally.  My mother overwhelmed me from the moment I was born.  Because my mother did not succeed at physically killing me, she did not succeed at completely obliterating me.  But she did very successfully limit my options of experience down to one.  She made me suffer.

++++

My mother overwhelmed me with the scourge of her hatred of who she imagined me to be at every step of my infant-childhood that she possibly could.  I see the image of someone continually trying to dump a thousand gallons of gasoline into a tiny little perfume bottle.  My mother effectively did this to me for 18 long years.  I did not escape unscathed.

There were dire consequences of my survival, most of which I will never know.  However, the experience I had last week dropped into the middle of one of them.  I was blindsided by my own emotional blindness.  Can I grab the lantern of my best intentions and spark within it the blazing light of my willingness to learn? Am I willing to go back into the depths of that enveloping fog of sorrow (in my body and in my brain) and take some part of myself back out into clarity?  Is there some new in-sight here for me that is mine and that I really can’t do without?

Yes.  To all these questions I choose to answer “Yes.”  I will walk past these grasping, numbing shadows of doubt.  I will shed this burden of “Shame on you, Linda, for not being a better woman than you are.”  I will not be afraid of my tears.  I will not be afraid that what I will say here or what I will find here will make those who love me, love me any less.

It is not my fault that my mother cut my wings off so that I cannot ever fly in the prosocial world that most others seem to me to take so for granted. “So take your scrawny little bird legs and hop on with this, Linda.  You can do it.  I know that you can.  Go where the angles might fear to tread and know that as you go, they will go with you.”

++++

Last August I was given the gift of being able to reconnect with one of our closest Alaskan homesteading neighbors in my childhood.  I haven’t heard her voice.  I haven’t seen her.  We correspond via email.

Against all rational logic, I love her.  Our connection means a great, great deal to me.  This woman, now 83, lives well over a thousand miles away from me.  I do not have her telephone number.  While I know she is very busy taking care of herself, her husband, her household and preparing to leave their home to move into an addition her son is building on his house for her, when I hadn’t received an email from her from last Monday to last Friday, I felt like a bomb went off inside of me.

It’s easy to say that given what I know about my unsafe and insecure attachment patterns in my body-brain that of course I would be upset.  Yet ‘of course’ doesn’t give me enough information to understand what I felt.  I became terrified that she was either gravely ill or had died.  I believed on some level of my being that she had been called home through the veil to help the 100,000 Haitian earthquake victims cross over to the next world.  Nothing I could find to tell myself would sooth the depths of my growing sorrow.

I have been much blessed in my lifetime that none of my three children have been threatened by sickness or harm.  My siblings are all safe and well.  Even though I continue to grieve for the loss of the man I am in love with from my life, never before last Friday did I feel the depths of that kind of sorrow and fear that someone I loved was in trouble and there was nothing I could do about it.

Most fortunately I had the telephone number of my friend’s son in Alaska.  Through him I was finally able to find out that his mother was just fine.  Never before, either, had I felt that powerful sense of gratitude and relief at hearing this good news.

Now, I suspect that if I had a normally-formed prosocial body and brain I would have been able to take all of this in stride and gone on with my life.  But thanks to the consequences of my mother’s abuse this didn’t happen.  This experience touched the depths of my attachment woundedness in ways I could not understand.  I had felt something new in a way I had never felt it before.

++++

Most of the normal prosocial emotional differentiation circuits and their corresponding connection to people I care about in my life are missing in my brain.  This experience I am describing opened up a circuit for me that I don’t believe ever existed before.  The mystery of my experience with these emotions led me to ask my daughter two days later after I had expressed to her how I had felt, “Is that something like all of you felt when you found out I had cancer?”

My daughter paused, and answered, “Yes, mother.  That’s how we felt.”

++++

What can I say through my tears as I write now that can help me understand what this means to me?  First, I feel terribly sad for my children and for others who love me that it is so nearly impossible for me to comprehend, let alone feel on an emotional level, what it feels like to be loved.  I have to absolve myself of any responsibility for this fact.  It is not my intention to hurt anyone by depriving them of the fullness of the experience of sharing their love for me.  At the same time I am grateful that they both love me, and can experience the fullest spectrum of attachment feelings toward me.

That I cannot participate equally with them in the depths of these life-love experiences is not my fault.  Until I felt what I did last Friday I had no idea how the people who loved me felt as they all traveled thousands of miles, one after the other, to support me and to care for me and to love me as I went through the grueling chemotherapy and eventual surgery that would allow me to remain in their lives.  I know they all love me.  They show me they all love me.  I believe they mean what they say.  But it is nearly impossible for me to FEEL their love inside my own body-brain-mind-self because those circuits were never built inside of me during the first 18 years of my life from the time of my birth.

At the same time I realize that I am now perhaps a fraction of an inch closer to knowing what it FEELS like to be loved, at age 58 I also realize that my emotional blindness is not likely to ever be completely removed from me in my lifetime.  I also understand that part of the pattern of attachment I feel to this homesteading neighbor comes from body memories I have of interactions with her in my childhood that were positive, and were among the very few truly kind and genuine, warm adult interactions I ever had in those miserable 18 years.

Yet I cannot consciously remember this woman.  She has generously sent me photographs of her and her husband from those long-past years, and they help me a great deal as I try to connect the unconscious memories of my childhood to the present day facts of what a wonderful woman this homesteading neighbor truly is.

At the same time I realize I will always struggle with allowing myself to form deep affectionate bonds with other people.  To love is to risk.  I believe that although my mother was able to steal from me the physiological foundations of what it feels like to BE LOVED, she did not remove from me my own ability to deeply love others.  The powers to give love seem to me to operate differently than do the powers of being able to feel love from others.

Of course I don’t know this to be true and I probably never will know for sure.  I imagine my brain to be similar in some ways to the autistic brain given the severe conditions of harm and deprivation in my infant-childhood that interfered with my emotional-social brain’s development.  There is on one in my life who truly loves me that does not also know about my childhood.  They do not have to question their love for me.  They do not have to wonder or guess or doubt.  And they don’t love me any less because I do.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ON BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER:

  • Symptoms of BPD
  • Finding a BPD Therapist
  • BPD on the Internet
  • Self-Harm Explained
  • When You Encounter Splitting
  • +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  • +HEALING, HELPING WORDS….

    +++++++++++++

    I just received these words from a school mate from my childhood that I just found on Facebook — she and they touched my heart so much I wanted to share them with you.

    +++++++++++++

    “… as I was perusing thru my “A Grateful Heart” book that my darling grand daughter gave me for X-mas I came across this beautiful poem by May Sarton.  I was moved by the last 2 verses & something,  (someone?) told me you’d appreciate them.”
    …. so here’s an excerpt:

    3
    The angels, the furies
    Are never far away
    While we dance, we dance,
    Trying to keep a balance,
    To be perfectly human
    (Not perfect, never perfect,
    Never an end to growth and peril),
    Able to bless and forgive
    Ourselves.
    This is what is asked of us.
    4
    It is the light that matters,
    The light of understanding.
    Who has ever reached it
    Who has not met the furies again and again:
    Who has reached it without
    Those sudden acts of grace?

    -From “The Angels And The Furies”

    +++++++++++++

    +IT WASN’T FUNNY: THE BUZZARD THAT ATE MY MOTHER

    ++++++++++++++++++

    Shared laughter might just be the ultimate in human-to-human cooperative communication.  It has long been my suspicion that when researchers say that severe infant-child deprivation and trauma can create an ‘evolutionarily altered brain’ that is designed for life in a malevolent rather than a benevolent world that they are actually describing two different kinds of brain-body-mind self development.

    Either we grow into our early body-brain information about plenty of available, necessary resources that allows cooperation to be fruitful or we grow into our early body-brain information that there are so few vital resources that cooperation is not going to really solve anything.  In this latter malevolent world environment ‘survival of the fittest’ and ‘kill or be killed’ can rule supreme.  This connection to human past evolutionary conditions means that at such times in our evolutionary past existence, when the world was an impossible place for very many to survive in, individual development may well have been pushed into the direction of non-cooperation at the same time it was pushed toward competition.

    When I look at all the aspects I know about my mother, it is now easy for me to say she was formed in an unfit early environment that changed her in through her earliest development to be an unfit mother.  The unfitness of her early world was retained within her body-brain and communicated to me, and to her entire family by her actions.  These actions included what she DID do as well as what she DID NOT do in regard to her children.

    She did try to annihilate me.  She did not express genuine smiles or laughter.  The absence of these high profile prosocial signals communicated ‘reproductive unfitness’ in a malevolent world as powerfully as did her complete dysregulated emotional states, her impulsive actions including rage and violence, her twisted view of reality, her overall dissatisfaction with her life and her total unhappiness.

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    The more I learn about how early caregiver interactions between an infant-child and its earliest caregivers directly communicate either safety and security of the world or its opposite to a little one’s developing body-brain, the less puzzling and mysterious my mother’s insanely abusive treatment of me becomes.  Early human development is designed to prepare an individual for life in a ‘good’ or a ‘bad’ world, and the resulting person they become simply reflects the degrees of plenty or of deprivation that their earliest world contained.

    Input early on becomes output later on.  Early infant-child input from safe and secure attachment with caregivers gives the developing body-brain information about a good enough world.  The little one knows they are not alone, that they are connected within a species-wide social fabric that tells their body-brain that cooperation can exist because it does exist.  The infant does not receive signals that it is not only completely alone, but that the environment is dangerous, toxic, deprived, malevolent, overwhelming and without adequate resources.  A safely and securely attached infant-child receives information about the opposite kind of this kind of world and its entire development happens along the cooperative end of the prosocial human continuum.

    In order for an infant to grow and develop a prosocial body-brain, it has particular needs throughout the critical-window stages of its growth.  A prosocial human must first have its attachment needs met so that it can move forward in its development successfully.  Safe and secure attachment interactions include the presence of adequate and appropriate caregiving.  Building a prosocial human requires that more than an infant-child’s basic physical needs must be met.

    A prosocially-built human has to experience repeated, consistent patterns of appropriate prosocial interactions with its caregivers from birth as its body-brain grows.  Secure attachment builds a prosocial, regulated emotional-social brain so that the infant is prepared to enter its next exploratory stage of development.  After that stage has been successfully completed, the infant-child continues to grow its own prosocial connection to its self along with its prosocial connection to others.  It moves into the caregiving stages that allow the infant to use empathy skills and to consider the existence of others as it builds its Theory of Mind.

    From its earliest experiences an infant has received patterns of cooperative and/or competitive signals based on the quality and nature of its early caregiver interactions that have – I say again – both built the young body-brain and built themselves into it.  There is no magic here, no errors, no mistakes.  Nature has determined that the ability to flexibly adapt one’s earliest development to the conditions of the external environment is the most pro-life thing to do.

    If one’s early world was both pro-life and prosocial, BINGO.  A balanced, positively cooperative-competitive person will come out the other end of childhood.  If one’s early world was in actuality malevolent and anti-life, well, we can all imagine the end result of this.  It is easy to see that the opposite end of prosocial is antisocial – and here we have a description of what happened to my mother.

    ++++

    An young infant-child is a ‘show me’ kind of critter.  Human interactions directly communicate conditions of a safe and secure prosocial benevolent cooperative world to a tiny one as these patterns build its body-brain.  Its basic physical needs must be met along with its basic social ones.  Most importantly, safety and security happen are communicated socially by direct mirroring interactions between an infant-child and its caregivers.

    For a prosocial person to grow out of early experiences, these interactions have to happen in a safe and secure early environment that allows for and includes smiles and laughter through playful interactions from birth.  Degrees of deprivation and trauma will be directly communicated to a developing little one by the absence of these interactions just as they equally would be communicated by the actual direct presence of violence and abuse.

    It seems logical to conclude that in an abusive home the presence of trauma is coupled equally with the absence of smiling, laughter and play (those prosocial interactions that communicate safe and secure attachment in a safe and secure world).  I accept this to be a true fact, BUT in cases such as my mother’s was, I suspect a third extremely important influence.

    If the one wing of a devouring buzzard is trauma, and the other wing of this devouring buzzard is the absence of happiness, the third negative influence for my mother was the deprivation caused by outright neglect.  Here we have the tail of the buzzard that devoured my mother’s chances for having a good life of well-being.  While my mother came out of her childhood grown into an adult body, the truth of the matter was that she was actually road kill.  Nothing was left for her but to wait for the buzzard of a malevolent infant-childhood to gradually devour her carcass.

    ++++

    Yes, that assessment of my mother’s state and condition is extremely dark and grim, but believe me, there was nothing prosocial about my mother.  While obviously her most basic physical needs were met from birth that allowed her shell of a body to keep on living, what she needed to be given to grow into a cooperative prosocial human being was not.  I can see that gigantic buzzard that overshadowed her life.  It had one wing of trauma, one wing of anti-happiness, and long destabilizing tail feathers of the early neglect of nothing-at-all.

    Even if an infant-child’s earliest world cooperates enough with the little one to provide for its basic physical needs, if it does not cooperate enough to provide for its basic emotional and social needs, such an infant will not grow a prosocial cooperation-built body or brain.  I have spent a lot of time thinking about factors that influenced my development versus those that might have influenced my mother that made me into a different kind of person than my mother was.

    While I know some things as fact about my mother’s early life, there is much I will never know.  But if I look at how she turned out – full of unresolved trauma and without prosocial abilities – I can make some pretty educated (and I believe correct) important guesses.

    My mother’s family had money.  They lived in what I would consider to be a pretty affluent gargantuan house.  I have it in my grandmother’s own written word that after five years of marriage without the arrival of desired children, by the time my grandmother became pregnant her husband had decided he did not want to be bothered.  My mother’s brother was born first.  I suspect that any possible joy at the prospect of parenting that the combined force of my grandfather and grandmother could muster was used up giving minimal attention to their son.

    Two years later when my mother was born in 1925, I seriously doubt there was much left of parental affection left in my grandparents’ home.  I absolutely intuitively know that my mother was placed in some remote area of this huge house and tended by a maid-nanny.  I knew about my mother being cared for by a nanny before the facts recently came to light from my nephew’s search of the Mormon genealogical database that included from the 1929 census not only that the nanny-maid was in the house, but also what her name was.

    Because my mother could be bottle fed, leaving her alone for extended periods of time in her little crib was not much of a problem.  I have no doubt that the outright neglect of her fundamental emotional and social developmental needs led to a large degree to her disabled prosocial body-brain.  Coupled with whatever other erroneous and cruelly stupid remnants of Victorian-age parenting practices that tormented and terrorized my mother, her earliest history of being left absolutely alone harmed her beyond repair.

    My mother was left to build a body-brain-mind-self that included not the knowledge of resource plenty within a prosocial cooperative environment, but rather knowledge of how to endure and survive within a competitive environment that did not include adequate resources.  There was no ‘sharing’ in my mother’s world.  Prosocial neurological circuits and pathways did not build themselves into her body-brain.  Antisocial ones did.

    ++++

    I consider the continual presence of my loving 14-month-old brother during the earliest months of my life to be the single most important influence on the direction my development took differently than my mother’s.  I do not believe that my mother’s two-year-old brother offered to her the saving interactions that my brother offered to me.  My brother’s loving, positive contact with me allowed those prosocial interactions to find their way into my physiological development.  I do not believe my mother had such a most important ally.

    I had the chance to mutually smile, to mutually laugh and to mutually play with my little brother.  Because my mother’s psychosis of competitive hatred of me did not happen with her (and my father’s) most cherished first born son, my brother had been given what he needed from the time of his birth to safely and securely attach to baby me.  My mother thought my brother’s love for me was cute.  She considered it acceptable and entertaining not because it benefited me, but because it was related to her positive feelings for him.  (My intuitions about this pattern were clearly confirmed when I found my mother’s written description of my brother as she ‘pretended’ to write about my six-week infant checkup.)

    As I grew into my older toddler months, my mother did intervene and increasingly isolated me from interacting with my brother.  But the good had been done and nothing my mother could ever do to me afterwards could alter those prosocial patterns my brother’s interaction with me had built into me.  I had cooperated with my brother in a mutually shared environment of positive interaction and those interactions broke the back of the buzzard that would have followed me all the days of my life as surely as it followed my mother.

    ++++

    All these words that I have just written came to me today because I wanted to talk about what comes next in Dr. Dacher Keltner’s 2009 book, Born to Be Good: The Science of a Meaningful Life about laughter as a prosocial exchange of cooperative intent between humans.  I had one of those light-bulb moments of “Ah Ha!” illumination today when I read Keltner’s words that follow.  The words literally jumped off of the page and emblazoned themselves within my body-brain-mind-self the way truth can do when you find it.  I will share these words with you.  Be prepared.  They have the power to change everything you know about yourself in the world.  I know that, because they changed me.

    Keltner wrote:

    Recent neuroscience evidence suggests that when we hear others laugh, mirror neurons represent that expressive behavior and quickly activate action tendencies and experiences that simulate the original laugh in the listener’s brain.  Specifically, laughter triggers activation in a region of the motor cortex in the listener, the supplementary motor area (SMA).  Bundles of neurons leaving the SMA go to the insula and the amygdala, thus triggering the experience of mirth and amusement in the perceiver of the laugh.  When we hear others laugh, this system of mirror neurons acts as if the listener is laughing.”  (page 134)

    ++++

    There is a universe of information in this paragraph.  I already know that patterns of infant-caregiver mirroring interactions (or their absence) create the foundation of our brain from the time we are born.  The light went on for me when I read these words particularly in regard to my mother’s complete inability to participate in exchanges of genuine laughter.  Her body-brain-mind-self could never magically recreate what was never built into her in the first place.  At the same time I instantly KNEW this I saw the buzzard I described above.

    I leave you with a few Google search results that you can explore in order to begin to understand how profoundly the absence of a safe and secure early environment of mirroring prosocial interactions involving smiles, laughter and play changed your own abusive early caregiver into a ‘monster’.  Believe me, the information on the other end of these links is only the beginning tip of a very big iceberg that tells me more about the terrible abuse my mother did to me than will any self-help book I can ever find to read

    Empower yourself – take a look at these:

    child abuse brain development mirror neurons

    child abuse brain development laughter

    child neglect brain development smiles

    child abuse brain development amygdala

    child abuse brain development insula

    child abuse brain development borderline

    child neglect brain development borderline

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    +CHILD ABUSE SURVIVORSHIP – info and links

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++

    CHILD ABUSE SURVIVORSHIP IN THE NEWS:

    Childhood Trauma May Shorten Life By 20 Years

    CDC Research Finds Problems in Childhood Can Be Lifelong

    By JOSEPH BROWNSTEIN
    ABC News Medical Unit

    Oct. 6, 2009

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++

    I want to pause for a moment from the ongoing themes of my present writing to mention again the important work being done by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in regard to tracking the longterm consequences of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) including child maltreatment, traumas and abuse.

    But first I want to let you know about an interesting website I found while pursuing a Google search on the ACE study called The Survivor Archives Project.  This is a trauma hope and healing site that invites readers to personally submit to their archives, journal and library.

    ++++

    The CDC-ACE study is not without limitations.  All 17,421 participants were insurance members which means that information from the many other uninsured levels of our society were not included.   If they had been (or are in the future) how much more child abuse connected lifelong adult devastation would be seen?

    I would like to see the model of this study expanded through the use of the ACE questionnaires in a far wider variety of settings, preferably included in every human well-being study our nation produces.  At the moment, I want to simply highlight the important work the CDC has been doing over the past 14 years with its studies of the consequences of child abuse for survivors for your thought and consideration by presenting some information from their website on Adverse Childhood Experiences as follows:

    The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study is one of the largest investigations ever conducted on the links between childhood maltreatment and later-life health and well-being. As a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Kaiser Permanente’s Health Appraisal Clinic in San Diego, Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) members undergoing a comprehensive physical examination provided detailed information about their childhood experience of abuse, neglect, and family dysfunction. Over 17,000 members chose to participate. To date, over 50 scientific articles have been published and over 100 conference and workshop presentations have been made.

    The ACE Study findings suggest that these experiences are major risk factors for the leading causes of illness and death as well as poor quality of life in the United States. Progress in preventing and recovering from the nation’s worst health and social problems is likely to benefit from the understanding that many of these problems arise as a consequence of adverse childhood experiences.

    Here is one website about the study:

    The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study:  Bridging the gap between childhood trauma and negative consequences later in life.

    ++++

    About the study:

    The ACE Study was initiated at Kaiser Permanente from 1995 to 1997, and its participants are over 17,000 members who were undergoing a standardized physical examination. No further participants will be enrolled, but we are tracking the medical status of the baseline participants.

    Each study participant completed a confidential survey that contained questions about childhood maltreatment and family dysfunction, as well as items detailing their current health status and behaviors. This information was combined with the results of their physical examination to form the baseline data for the study.

    The prospective phase of the ACE Study is currently underway, and will assess the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, health care use, and causes of death.

    More detailed scientific information about the study design can be found in “The relationship of adult health status to childhood abuse and household dysfunction,”* published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine in 1998, Volume 14, pages 245-258.

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    The ACE Pyramid represents the conceptual framework for the Study. During the time period of the 1980s and early 1990s information about risk factors for disease had been widely researched and merged into public education and prevention programs. However, it was also clear that risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, and sexual behaviors for many common diseases were not randomly distributed in the population. In fact, it was known that risk factors for many chronic diseases tended to cluster, that is, persons who had one risk factor tended to have one or more others.

    Because of this knowledge, the ACE Study was designed to assess what we considered to be “scientific gaps” about the origins of risk factors. These gaps are depicted as the two arrows linking Adverse Childhood Experiences to risk factors that lead to the health and social consequences higher up the pyramid. Specifically, the study was designed to provide data that would help answer the question: “If risk factors for disease, disability, and early mortality are not randomly distributed, what influences precede the adoption or development of them?” By providing information to answer this question, we hoped to provide scientific information that would be useful for the development of new and more effective prevention programs.

    The ACE Study takes a whole life perspective, as indicated on the orange arrow leading from conception to death. By working within this framework, the ACE Study began to progressively uncover how childhood stressors (ACE) are strongly related to development and prevalence of risk factors for disease and health and social well-being throughout the lifespan.

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Major Findings

    Childhood abuse, neglect, and exposure to other traumatic stressors which we term adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are common. Almost two-thirds of our study participants reported at least one ACE, and more than one in five reported three or more ACE. The short- and long-term outcomes of these childhood exposures include a multitude of health and social problems. The ACE Study uses the ACE Score, which is a count of the total number of ACE respondents reported. The ACE Score is used to assess the total amount of stress during childhood and has demonstrated that as the number of ACE increase, the risk for the following health problems increases in a strong and graded fashion:

    • alcoholism and alcohol abuse
    • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
    • depression
    • fetal death
    • health-related quality of life
    • illicit drug use
    • ischemic heart disease (IHD)
    • liver disease
    • risk for intimate partner violence
    • multiple sexual partners
    • sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
    • smoking
    • suicide attempts
    • unintended pregnancies

    In addition, the ACE Study has also demonstrated that the ACE Score has a strong and graded relationship to health-related behaviors and outcomes during childhood and adolescence including early initiation of smoking, sexual activity, and illicit drug use, adolescent pregnancies, and suicide attempts. Finally, as the number of ACE increases the number of co-occurring or “co-morbid” conditions increases.

    Content source: Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Adverse Childhood Experiences Study Questionnaires – AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE

    This is the simplest version of the ACE questionnaire I have seen that consists of ten questions:  What’s YOUR ACE Score?  Help me calculate my ACE Score.

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    THE ACE SCORE:

    The ACE Study used a simple scoring method to determine the extent of each study participant’s exposure to childhood trauma.  Exposure to one category (not incident) of ACE, qualifies as one point.  When the points are added up, the ACE Score is achieved.  An ACE Score of 0 (zero) would mean that the person reported no exposure to any of the categories of trauma listed as ACEs above.  An ACE Score of 10 would mean that the person reported exposure to all of the categories of trauma listed above.  The ACE Score is referred to throughout all of the peer-reviewed publications about the ACE Study findings

    Below are the links to the actual forms used (and to be used) for research purposes.

    The Family Health History and Health Appraisal questionnaires were used to collect information on childhood maltreatment, household dysfunction, and other socio-behavioral factors examined in the ACE Study. The questionnaires are not copyrighted and there are no fees for their use. As a courtesy, a copy of articles on any research conducted using items from the questionnaires is requested.

    Family Health History Questionnaire

    Male Version (PDF–190K)

    Female Version (PDF–180K)

    Health Appraisal Questionnaire

    Male Version (PDF–85K)

    Female Version (PDF–89K)

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Adverse Childhood Experiences Definitions

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Future Directions

    The ACE study is now in its 10th year and the prospective phase is currently underway. In this ongoing stage of the study, data are being gathered from various sources including outpatient medical records, pharmacy utilization records, and hospital discharge records to track the subsequent health outcomes and health care use of ACE Study participants. In addition, an examination of National Death Index records will be conducted to establish the relationship between ACE and mortality among the ACE Study population.

    International interest in replications of the ACE Study is growing. At present there is knowledge of efforts to replicate the ACE Study or use its questionnaire in Canada, China, Jordan, Norway, the Philippines and the United Kingdom. In Puerto Rico, the link between women’s cardiovascular health risks and ACE are under study. In addition, the World Health Organization has included the ACE Study questionnaires as an addendum to the document Preventing Child Maltreatment: A Guide to Taking Action and Generating Evidence. (October 2006*) (PDF)

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Related Links

    CDC Resources

    CDC’s National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities

    CDC’s National Center for Injury Prevention and Control

    Other Government Resources

    The Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children and Families

    Research Institutes

    American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children*

    International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect*

    Family Research Laboratory*

    Voluntary Organizations

    Prevent Child Abuse America*

    Childhelp USA*

    Victim Assistance

    National Children’s Advocacy Center*

    Chadwick Center*

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    Overview Article:

    Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, Koss MP, Marks JS. Relationship of Childhood Abuse and Household Dysfunction to Many of the Leading Causes of Death in Adults: The adverse childhood experiences (ACE) study.
    American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1998;14:245-258.

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    New Publication: Childhood Stress and Autoimmune Disease in Adults

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    PUBLICATIONS ON MAJOR FINDINGS BY:

    Health Outcomes

    Publication Year

    A Video Series on:  THE ACE STUDY

    The ACE PyramidACE Study Links Childhood Trauma—  These results, appearing in the November 2009 issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, are the latest from the ACE Study (Adverse Childhood Experiences). The research project, now in its 14th year,  is one of the largest investigations ever conducted on the links between childhood maltreatment and health and well-being later in life. The ongoing study looks at how both positive and negative experiences and childhood stressors are strongly related to development and affect risk factors for disease, health and social well-being throughout the lifespan.

    The ACE Study — The Good Works in TraumaFrom the Institute for Educational Research and Service and the National Native Children’s Trauma Center

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    +MISSING LAUGHTER IN MY MOTHER’S MONKEY HOUSE

    ++++++++++++++++++++++++

    As I move forward in Dr. Dacher Keltner’s 2009 book, Born to Be Good: The Science of a Meaningful Life out of his chapter on smiles into his chapter on laughter, I find I am using his information like a powerful laser flashlight, beaming a pinpoint of illumination back through the years of my childhood as I search my memory for genuine smiles, laughter or humor of any kind.

    I find myself thinking about the important book, Stop Walking on Eggshells: Taking Your Life Back When Someone You Care About Has Borderline Personality Disorder by Paul T. Mason and Randi Kreger as I realize that the absence of happiness in our abusive infant-childhoods paralleled the presence of unsafely, insecurity, unpredictability and violence.  Genuine smiles and riotous laughter do not occur in the middle of trauma.

    What can I learn about the development of my body-brain-mind-self if I think about myself as having been a monkey in my mother’s monkey house?  Certainly my mother’s sovereign nation lacked any equality between members.  There was no ‘flattened hierarchy’.  My mother had all of the power, and everyone knew it.  There was no true cooperation.  And certainly in my case there was no affiliation.  These conditions did not contribute to any sense of safety or security, and in these conditions true happiness, laughter and humor did not exist.  Their absence is incredibly telling.

    From my previous studies I already know that good humor is one of the powerful ‘reproductive fitness indicators’ of our species, right up there with good physical health and beauty, intelligence, good memory, and creative thought.  Any species fitness indicators provide direct evidence of the state of ill- or well-being of specie’s members – like does the fitness indicator of a peacock’s tail display.

    The research literature is full of information about how the greatest gifts of our species are directly tied to the greatest risks of being distorted through negative influences within a deprived, malevolent, abusive, traumatic early environment.

    Reproductive fitness indicators develop in humans through an interactive process of genetics being influenced by conditions within the environment during development.  They end up communicating information not only about any single member of a species, but more importantly they communicate information about the condition of the environment that influenced any individual’s development.

    The presence or absence of genuine D smiles and laughter is no exception.  The lack of safety and security in my childhood was represented by the opposite of joy.  My mother’s dysregulated emotions, especially her hatred and rage toward me created suffering, terror, sorrow, despair and alienation within our home.  She kept complete power and controlled her family’s environment through terror, threat of violence and violence.  Ours was NOT a healthy, happy monkey house.

    And of course, because I was my mother’s singled out abuse target, the impact of deprivation and trauma had its most powerful effects on me during my development.  My resulting difficulties with happiness are directly tied to having had my mother’s sickness built right into my own body-brain from birth as signals of the lack of well-being and fitness within the environment that formed me.  My mother did not give me any “all-purpose signal of cooperative intent.”  I received from her the opposite.

    ++++

    Keltner describes how the smile originated back in the early history of our evolution.  A comparison of human patterns with primates’ shows that

    “…in more hierarchical macaques, such as the rhesus macaque, there is a narrow use of the silent bared-teeth and relaxed open-mouth display.  The silent bared-teeth display – the predecessor to our smile – is used only as an appeasement display.  In these status-conscious monkeys, the smile is intertwined with anxiety and defense.

    “There are more egalitarian macaque species, however, such as the Tonkean macaque.  In these macaques, hierarchies are flatter and power is equally distributed.  This social condition more closely resembles the hierarchies observed in our hominid predecessors and contemporary hunter-gathers – power differences are reduced, and equality is more pronounced.  In egalitarian primates, food sharing is pervasive, alliances among subordinates are common, and social life consists more of negotiation than assertion of force….  In less stratified macaques, monkeys put the silent bared-teeth display to many new uses:  to reassure, to affiliate, and to reconcile, as well as to appease.  This is a standard evolutionary principle – that adaptations such as the silent bared-teeth display are put to new uses in a broader array of contexts to respond adaptively to shifting selection pressures.  With the rise of primate equality, the silent bared-teeth display became freed from its one-to-one mapping to fear and submissiveness, and extended into new social contexts that promote affectionate cooperation and affiliation.  This display became a sign of friendly intent, and the trigger of behavioral processes that allow for close proximity and cooperation – grooming, embraces, hand clasping, and the like.  In egalitarian primates, the silent bared-teeth display folded into affiliative, pleasurable exchange.

    “The physical signature of human happiness is the D smile.  The D smile did not originate in contexts that we today think are fast tracks to happiness…In fact,,.hunter-gatherer hierarchies…systematically downplay any sudden abundance in resources through modesty and generosity.

    “In our primate evolution, the D smile was the first vocabulary of friendly intent and affection, in particular between near-equals….the roots of human happiness are found in those moments when individuals moved toward one another toward cooperative and intimate ends.  Our ultrascoiality required this, as well as an all-purpose signal of cooperative intent, one that is highly visible and unambiguous, and one that could preempt conflict and spread cooperative relations potently and quickly, faster than a stranger could cock his arm and throw the first punch.”  (pages 120-122)

    ++++

    From here – you guessed it – Keltner continues forward in his next chapter to the topic of laughter.  My personal experiences with forbidden laughter were anything but funny.

    ++

    I have no memory of my mother ever telling a joke.  I have no memory of my father ever telling one, either.  I asked my sister and she can’t remember either of our parents ever telling a joke.

    I do remember watching the Beverly Hillbillies on TV while we lived in the Government Hill apartments the year I was in 4th grade.  I made the mistake of actually considering something on the show funny, and I actually laughed out loud.

    My mother jumped all over me verbally, berating me for my gullibility and stupidity in thinking anything about the show was funny.  I was stupid, just as the show was stupid.  She told me nobody was supposed to think it was funny, or to laugh at it.  Was I so stupid that I didn’t know that they used ‘canned laughter’ – totally fake audible laughter – as a part of the show?

    She made it sound like my inability to detect the stupidity of the show and the fakeness of the canned laughter meant I had failed some important and significant test that ANYBODY else would have passed.  I had to be the dumbest, stupidest person in the whole WORLD!

    I’ve have never forgotten this experience.  It too was added on a more minor line of my mother’s abuse litany than were my major crimes, as proof of how gullible I was.  It was part of the proof that I was a chameleon, had no mind of my own, and would follow anyone to do anything, even over a cliff if they told me to.  It proved I could not think on my own for myself (well, that was pretty much true – she never allowed me to think).

    How sad it was not to be able to even laugh safely.  I never laughed out loud in front of her again.  I had to watch myself to be sure I didn’t, monitor my reactions even to humor, make sure no sign of it accidentally slipped out or gave me away.  In essence, I knew it was simply bad and unacceptable for me to ever think anything was ever funny.

    In fact, by the time I was in 8th grade my mother very creatively forced me to watch black and white film footage on TV of the WWII bombing of Poland as she informed me that I should have been there because that is what I deserved to happen to me – brutal annihilation.

    ++++

    Keltner describes the evolutionary origins of human laughter as this ability followed a different trajectory from primates’ beginning four million years ago.  Smiles and laughter evolved as signals of communication long, long before humans achieved our verbal abilities.

    “Most striking is how human laugher differs from that of our primate relatives – gorillas, chimps, and bonobos.  In the most rudimentary sense, the laughter of the great apes resembles our own.  Their relaxed open-mouth displays and panting vocalizations look and sound quite familiar.  They emit these displays in similar contexts as we do – when being tickled and during rough-and-tumble play.  As with humans, chimps and apes are most likely to show open-mouthed play faces in developmental periods (adolescence) and times of day (leading up to feeding) where play can defuse conflict.  Yet the laughter of chimps and apes is more tightly linked to inhalation and exhalation patterns that that of humans.  As a result, it is emitted as short, repetitive, single-breath pants, and has little acoustic variety.

    “Human laughter, by contrast, is stunning in its diversity and complexity.  It is a language unto its own.”  (pages 124-125)

    ++++

    The presence, absence and quality of laughter both influences the physiological state of the human body and is an expression of the state of the body.  Safe and secure early infant attachment to caregivers includes smiles and laughter.  Unsafe and insecure early infant attachments do not communicate safety and security through the presence of these signals.  These degrees of variation in interaction with the environment are built right into an infant-child’s developing body-brain, including the regulation of the nervous system.

    ++

    Keltner states about the physiology of laughter:

    “And perhaps most subtly, laughter is intertwined with our breathing….  With the exception of certain pathological laughs…almost all laughter occurs as people exhale.  This simple laughter fact may seem incidental to our understanding of laughter, but in fact it is fundamental.  Here’s why.

    “Respiration and heart rate are two of the body’s most essential rhythms.  These two rhythms play off each other like the voices of singers in an a cappella group.  When you breath in, your heart rate rises.  When you breathe out, your heart rate drops, as does your blood pressure, and you move toward a state of relaxation.

    “This lung-heart dynamic has made its way into….the thousand-year-old breathing exercises of yoga practices.  Exhalation reduces fight/flight physiology, especially heart rate, calming the body down.”  (page 128)

    Studies of the acoustical qualities of laughter show that different kinds of laughs correspond to different brain region patterns just as varying smiles do.  The sound and pattern of laughter is affected by degrees of intimacy and is different among groups of friends than it is between groups of strangers.  Studies have shown that women laugh more than men do, and that men “are much more likely to snort and grunt than women.”  (page 130)

    Keltner presents more information about laughter:

    “…voiced laughs, which have tone to them and involve vibrations of the vocal folds (chords), and unvoiced laughs, which do not.  Voiced laughs sound like songs, rising and falling as they move through space.  Other people perceive these laughs as invitations to friendship and camaraderie.  Unvoiced laughs – hisses, snorts, grunts – are not perceived as such.  Much as the language of smiles is divided into Duchene [D] and non-Duchene [non D] smiles, there are voiced laughs of pleasure and unvoiced laughs not involving pleasure….  Both are vital to the social contract.”  (pages 130-131)

    “Here is a remarkable discovery:  Laughs occupy a part of acoustic space that is different from vowel sounds like “ahhh” and “eee.”  We may describe laughs in the written word as “ha, ha, ha” or “hee, hee, hee,” but in fact the acoustic structure of laughter is distinct from that of the vowels we use to represent this mysterious category of behavior.  Certain regions of the human vocal apparatus produce the vowels and consonants that make up human speech, in which so much of human social life transpires.  But there is another register of the human vocal apparatus, another form of output – laughter – with different origins and functions than human speech.”  (page 131)

    “When people laugh, subcortical, limbic regions of the brain and brain stem – most notably a region known as the pons, which is involved in sleep and breathing – are activated.  These regions are much older evolutionarily than the cortical regions involved in language, suggesting that the deeper meaning of laughter is intertwined with breathing.”  (page 132.

    ++++

    From my point of view, learning here that laughter is connected in our body-brain to our most basic fundamental experiences like breathing and sleep is amazing, though not surprising.  When I write about how interactive early infant-caregiver interactions influence the growth, development and formation of who we are in the world for the rest of our lives, it is on these fundamental levels that we are helped or harmed in our ability to experience life from a state of either well- or ill-being.

    Although infants can obviously cry from the instant they are born just as they can breath, their capacity for smiles and for laughter very soon follows.  If an infant is born into an environment of neglect, abuse, maltreatment and trauma, even its first experiences of sending signals out into its caregiving environment and receiving them back will be influenced in development.  In cases such as mine was, my environment never improved.  The trajectories of all of my abilities were changed during my development, not the least of which is my ability to be happy, to express happiness, and to understand other people’s experience and expression of happiness.

    My infant-childhood experiences with ‘joy’ happened in dissociated patterns according to my mother’s orchestration of my life.  As a result there is little natural ebb and flow or unconstrained ability to participate with others in states of safe and secure joy.  Anxiety was tied in my body to every experience I ever had as an infant-child as I developed, as was dissociation.  It is a rare, rare moment when I can even now experience pure joy.  My sense of derealization and depersonalization mostly requires that a distance between me and others has to first be bridged.

    Because expressions of happiness, including spontaneous laughter, are designed to happen instantaneously and automatically as forms of nonverbal communication, they happen in extremely fast-action displays.  I did not get the same circuitry build into my body-nervous system-brain that most other people did so that I operate much more slowly in all social interactions.  It helps me to know that there are reasons for how and why I experience social interactions differently than most people do, including the funny, happy ones.

    When I talk about the tragedy of life long changes that happen during early developmental stages of abused, traumatized and maltreated infant-children, it is on these profoundly fundamental most basic levels of the human experience that we must accept that these changes take place.  These changes often rob a survivor of the experience of being something other than completely alone in an unsafe and insecure world.

    Laughter as the form of emotional regulation and social interaction that it is, is missing in most severely abusive families.  These deprivation conditions are built into our social-emotional brain, into our entire nervous system and body.  At the same time that the signs of happiness, social connectedness and well-being are visible, attempting to access this information with our changed body-brain-self can take an invisible super-Herculean effort.

    Those of us who were so seriously deprived and maltreated as infant-children require patience and compassion for ourselves and from others in our efforts to find ways to heal these near mortal wounds that were inflicted on our being and built into our body-brain from the time we were tiny.  This isn’t a job for cowards.  It is a job for those of us who are willing to fight to our death for what should have been our birthright – the right to experience the fullness of joy within ourselves and with other members of our species.

    It helps me to begin to understand how deeply and profoundly the absence of joy influenced my body-brain development right along with the presence of severe violence and abuse.  While I can take an umbrella out to keep the rain off of my head I cannot stop it from raining.  I will never have the opportunity to return to a happy infant-childhood so I can take a different pathway that would allow joy-filled wiring to be built into me from the start.  I have to be realistic as I work with who and how I am as a consequence of what was done to me throughout my formative stages.

    It helps me to learn more about why improved well-being, including the experience of happiness, takes effort for me that most non-early abused and traumatized people might never be able to understand.  They benefited from advantages in an advantaged early environment that most of these people take for granted because it is all built right into them.  It is as if they climbed Mt. Everest by being dropped off near the top.  Severe early trauma survivors have to make the struggle from sea level on up.

    But facts are facts and we best get on with our climbing, even if that means that the last person to the top had to work hardest to get there.

    +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

    +HOOKED ON ‘D’ SMILES – THE HAPPINESS CENTER

    +++++++++++++++++

    The advantage of being in my own think tank of one is that I can be like a frog jumping from lily pad to lily pad, following my own fly, landing when and where I want to, devouring information without having to answer to anyone else.  This is why I can follow my last post on pathological liars with this one on smiles!

    I am still hopping around in the same pond I was in yesterday as I search for information about how my mother’s abusive Borderline brain gave me a torturous, miserable childhood.  I am still trying to understand how what happened to her in her own abusive childhood gave her such an awful brain.  Today I just landed on a different lily pad.

    ++++

    I am back for the moment with Dr. Dacher Keltner’s 2009 book, Born to Be Good: The Science of a Meaningful Life, having landed on his chapter on smiles.

    It turns out that of the vast number of kinds of smiles humans produce, there really is only one authentic, genuine real one and a whole lot of fakes.  In the field of research that Keltner belongs to, scientists have discovered the facial-muscle vocabulary of all human emotion expressed by the face.  Smiling has a language.

    Keltner describes how the genuine smile originates in the left anterior frontal lobe, a region whose activity is connected to positive emotional experience.  All the phony impostor, fake smiles originate in the right anterior frontal lobe.  We can tell the difference and respond accordingly from nearly the time we are born.  Infants are the first smile detection quality experts.

    There are two very specific facial muscles involved in a real, genuine left-brain smile display:  the zygomatic major muscle and the orbicularis oculi.  The smile these two muscles combine to create by their movement has been named, according to Keltner,

    “…in honor of the French neuroanatomist Guilluame Benjamin Amand Duchenne (1806-1875), who first discovered the visible traces of the activity of orbicularis occuli.  Smiles that do not involve the activity of the happiness muscle, the orbicularis oculi, are sensibly known as non-Duchenne or non-D smiles.”  (page 105)

    “When a ten-month-old is approached by his or her mother, the face lights up with the D smile; when a stranger approaches, the same infant greets the approaching adult with a wary non-D smile.”  (page 106)

    So, we have been able to tell the difference between a real D smile and a fake non-D smile from our first days as breathing creatures.  I’ve just never thought about the difference in words before today.  The D smile involves

    “…the activity of the happiness muscle, the orbicularis oculi.  This muscle surrounds the eyes and when contracted leads to the raising of the cheek, the pouching of the lower eyelid, and the appearance of those dreaded crow’s feet – the most visible sign of happiness – which the Botox industry is trying to wipe out of the vocabulary of human expression.”  (page 105)

    “Duchenne smiles differ morphologically in many ways from the many other smiles that do not involve the action of the orbicularis oculi muscle.  They tend to last between one and five seconds, and the lip corners tend to be raised to equal degrees on both sides of the face.  Smiles missing the action of the orbicularis oculi and likely masking negative states can be on the face for very brief periods (250 milliseconds [1/4 of a second]) or very long periods (a lifetime of polite smiling…).”  (pages 105-106)

    “And importantly, several studies have found that Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles, brief two- to three-second displays differing only in the activation of the orbicularis oculi muscle, map onto entirely different emotional experiences.”  (pages 106-107)

    In other words, these two kinds of smiles are connected to entirely different sides of the brain and their corresponding emotional centers:  The D smile to the happiness center on the left side, the fake non-D smiles on the right, negative emotional side of the brain.  The D smile “accompanies high spirits and goodwill” while the non-D smile “reflects the attempt to mask some underlying negative state.”  (page 108)

    ++++

    I can easily see how these two kinds of smiles communicate to all of us and especially to tiny infants in their earliest brain formation stages, the state of the environment.  A genuine D smile signals through happiness states of safe and secure attachment and at least – at that instant – life in a benign, benevolent world.  (It is really an ‘approach’ signal.)

    The non-D smile communicates something else entirely.  Our sophisticated emotional-social brains are genetically programmed to read these extremely rapid emotional signals from human faces.  We KNOW when a non-D smile happens, and that it happens from the negative (unsafe, insecure, “something is not quite right in the world”) place inside another person.  (It is really an ‘avoid’ signal.)

    The predominant pattern of smiling signals is one of the MAJOR ways our brain is directed in its formation from the time we are born.  Unsafe world equals poverty in the genuine happiness D smile.  Safe world equals lots of signals about what a wonderful, safe and secure place the world is to be in.  The nature of these signals communicate to an infant’s developing body-brain what kind of a world its genetics have to prepare for, and the signals affect the entire body, including the developing nervous and immune system.

    The genuine D smile is a flashing green safe-to-GO light.  Then fake smile, masking negative emotional states is some degree of a yellow warning light or a down right flashing unsafe-STOP light.  Our infant developing body-brain builds itself around this kind of information, and we respond to our environment with this body-brain for the rest of our lives.

    ++++

    Keltner misses what I consider a most important fact about what he talks about next in his presentation about how depressed mothers responses to and with their infants.  It is the nature of these kinds of signaling patterns between a mother and her infant that is building her infant’s body-brain from the beginning of her infant’s life.

    (It is also extremely important to note here that a vastly understated problem exists of women who negatively affect their infant’s development because of postpartum anxiety that does not appear as ‘typical’ as postpartum depression.  This post also underscores how vitally important it is for any ‘mental health’ treatment a pregnant mother or a mother of a young infant receives to be tied into the needs of her developing infant – such as is now recognized through the field of Infant Mental HealthCalifornia, for example, has highly developed services in this regard funded by tobacco taxes.)

    Keltner writes:

    “In the 1980s developmental psychologists Ed Tronick, Jeff Cohn, and Tiffany Field became interested in what postpartum depression does to mother-child interactions.  Their studies, and those of other investigators, revealed that postpartum depression mutes the positive emotionality of the mother – she smiles less, she vocalizes with less warm intonation, and her positive emotional repertoire is less contingent upon the actions of her child.  Children of mothers experiencing postpartum depression tend to show complementary behavior – they are more agitated, distressed, and anxious.

    “This kind of result is compellingly intuitive.  Any parent or friend who has been up close to this phenomenon, who has been in the living room of a depressed mother whose positive emotion is dampened and disengaged from that of her child, readily knows how essential the exchanges of smiles, coos, touch, play faces, and interested and encouraging eyebrow flashes are to the parent-child dynamic.  Yet from a scientific standpoint, the finding – the mother’s impoverished positive emotional repertoire brings about anxiety and agitation in the child – is plagued by alternative explanations.  Perhaps agitated, fussy infants produce muted positive emotionality and depression in the mother.  Perhaps they both share some genetically based tendency that predisposes their parent-child interactions to lack mutual smiles, coos, touches, and play.  Perhaps their shared emotional condition is the product of deeper structural causes – underpaid work, poverty, alienated or abusive husbands and the like.

    “So to study the role of smiling and muted positive emotionality in parent-child interactions, Tronick, Cohn, and Field developed what has come to be known as the still-face paradigm.  This experimental technique is profoundly simple but powerful.  The mother is requested to simply be in the presence of her young infant, say nine months old, but to show no facial expressions whatsoever, and none of the most common of facial expressions for young mothers – smiles.  As the young child navigates around the laboratory environment, approaching toy robots and stuffed elephants and brightly colored objects that make farm animal noises, the child looks to the mother’s face for signals about the environment.  The child seeks information in facial muscle movements about what is safe, fun, and worthy of curious exploration, and what is not, and the mother sits there impassionate, stone-faced, and unresponsive.

    “The results are astonishing.  In a smile-impoverished environment, the young child no longer explores the environment, no longer approaches novel toys or play structures; her imagination shuts down.  The child quickly becomes agitated and distressed, often wildly so, arching his or her back and crying out.  The child will often move to the mother and try to provoke her, stir her out of her stupor, with a vocalization or touch or encouraging smile.  And as the child begins to resign herself to the unexpressive condition of the mother, she moves away from the mother, refusing eye contact, and eventually falls into listlessness and torpor.”  (pages 108-110)

    ++++

    The first thing I want to say about this information is that what Keltner is describing is the difference between safe and secure and unsafe and insecure attachment in the world for the playing, exploring, and still very dependent infant.  The only way this infant can determine the ‘condition of the world’ is through signals sent back and forth between it and its mother.

    My strong suspicion is that if an infant has been exposed from birth to a mother who is depressed, anxious, dissociated, frightened or who abuses the infant, the entire scenario Keltner is describing would take a different course.  The infant reaction he describes could only happen if an infant had a safe and secure attachment with its mother before they entered the laboratory.

    Imagine – taking just these few words and thinking long and deeply about them – how profoundly and negatively a deprived-traumatized infant’s body-brain would have had to develop ALREADY by the age of nine months.  Positive and appropriate safe and secure attachment experiences from birth – or their opposite — would have already had powerful impact on and influence over how the infant’s body-brain had formed itself in critical ways.

    It would be a most excellent sign in the experiment described above if the infant DID become agitated, distressed, and tried to engage its mother.  An abused infant would demonstrate all kinds of alterations in its patterns of interaction with its mother.  But see how quickly the infant gives up trying and slumps into helpless, powerless hopelessness even in this brief of an interaction when the mother does not TELL the infant anything it can use to feel safe, secure and attached?

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    Keltner continues about the social reinforcement of smiles:

    “…they are the first incentives toward which young children move, and that parents hungrily seek.  In relevant research, when one-year-old infants sit at the edge of a visual cliff, a glass surface over a precipitous drop, with their mother on the other side, the infant immediately looks to the mother for information about this ambiguous scene, which looks both dangerous and passable.  If the mother shows fear, not a single child will crawl across the glass surface.  If the mother smiles…approximately 80 percent of the infants will eagerly cross the surface, risking potential harm, to be in the warm, reassuring midst of their mother’s smile.”  (page 111)

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    Long, long before an infant can move itself around in the world at a distance from its earliest caregivers, its brain has been shaped in its development as circuits, pathways and regions have developed themselves in direct response to the kinds of facial signals it has had with its caregivers – or not had as in the case of deprivation of appropriate interactions.

    Keltner describes the physiological benefits of both sending and receiving genuine D smiles:

    “Two smiles are exchanged within the span of a second or two…  Within the bodies of those individuals…are reciprocally coordinated surges of dopamine and the opiates.  Stress-related cardiovascular response reduces.  A sense of trust and social well-being rises.  The smile….evolved as a neon-light signal of cooperativeness, it became embedded in social exchanges between individuals that give rise to closeness and affiliation.”  (pages 112-113)

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    A core belief in my thinking is that our entire feel-good biochemical body systems is designed to keep us attached in positive ways to members of our species.  To the degrees that we have lost sight of this, we suffer from all the kinds of ‘addictions’ and social ills known within our species, not the least of which is severe infant-child abuse.

    I don’t believe my mother’s earliest life was filled with genuine smiles anymore than mine was.  If it had been, I can guarantee I wouldn’t be sitting here writing these words today.  Had any of my readers own mother been born into a world of genuine smiles they would not be hear reading my words, either.

    While the related subjects of humor and laughter await a future post, it is enough today to suggest that by thinking back – mostly within our body – we can track the presence of absence of unresolved trauma in our infant-childhood by the presence or absence of genuine D smiles.  It is most helpful to realize that long before our conscious memory abilities were able to operate, the patterns of smiles versus traumas that we experienced built the very foundation of our brain through which we process our emotions for the rest of our lives.

    It is never too late to learn more about the power of genuine happiness to expand the activity of and connections between what happy center neurons we have – even if we don’t have very many.  That left brain happy center is definitely one that shed unused neurons (those not stimulated by happy caregivers in infancy) as it formed in our early lives.  They can never be replaced.  Safe and securely attached people HAVE MORE OF THEM present!

    Research on brain plasticity clearly shows that exercising areas of our brain can build more and stronger CONNECTIONS BETWEEN NEURONS and thus expand the operation of brain regions – the happy center included.

    But I am a realist.  Those of us who suffered greatly from infant-child abuse, deprivation and trauma and were NOT born to happy mothers or families, simply did not get to build as big a left brain happy center as did those with opposite experiences.  As adults, we actually – in our body – KNOW THIS!

    I personally doubt I would be alive if I had not had my brother John, 14 months older than me, who is by character about the dearest person on earth.  He got to keep his happy neurons because my mother was able to love him, as was my father.  By the time I was born he was fully shining.  It is because he lovingly turned the power of his genuine smiling happy neurons upon little tiny (much hated by my turned-psychotic mother) me that any happy neurons were left alive in my brain at all.

    Learning how to exercise them so that my happy center neurons can form better connections is one of the most important missions of my life time.

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    NOTE:  Too much happy stimulation can overstimulate an infant and harm its developing nervous system and brain!  A healthy, happy mother knows instinctively how much is enough and when and how to calm her baby down!  HINT:  When an infant turns its head away and breaks eye contact, LET IT!  It is busy with all the information it can handle (like a busy telephone line).  Do not get right back into its face or you will overwhelm it.  At such times an infant is processing information, building its brain, regulating its own emotional state (self soothing), organizing itself, and calming itself down!  The infant will let you know when it is done and ready to reengage with you.  Another hint:  Men in general are not geared as women are to recognize over stimulating activity with young infants – be careful!

    (When such an infant turns its head to the right it is organizing the left side of its brain and vice versa!)

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    REMEMBER THIS:

    Any parent or friend who has been up close to this phenomenon, who has been in the living room of a depressed mother whose positive emotion is dampened and disengaged from that of her child, readily knows how essential the exchanges of smiles, coos, touch, play faces, and interested and encouraging eyebrow flashes are to the parent-child dynamic.

    MOST IMPORTANTLY — They are VITAL!  Please do not forget this – and please do remember to find a way to help any parent and infant you might encounter who is experiencing anxious or depressed interactions so that infant can have a better chance to build a better brain and have a better life – When you see negative, anxious, depressed kinds of infant-caregiver interaction patterns, know they are hurting an infant’s brain development and changing the degree of well-being it will experience for the rest of its life.  FIND A WAY TO EDUCATE – TO POSITIVELY INTERVENE!

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