+THE COMPLEXITIES OF SECURE AND INSECURE ATTACHMENT – DO-IT-YOURSELF STUDY LINKS

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One important point to realize about insecure attachment disorders is that in effect, our on-off switch governing our human relationships is not set right, or is nearly broken completely.  We rarely, if ever, truly feel safe, secure and connected to others.  This leaves us feeling pain and anxiety much of the time (Yes, we feel that Substance P).

A securely attached person does not have their attachment system ON all of the time.  It will turn on and off appropriately.  If an attachment system cannot turn itself on and off correctly, none of the other systems will work correctly, either (exploration, caregiving, sexuality).

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In our ‘modern era’ humans seem tempted to believe we are above the rules and laws of nature.  We are not, and if enough of these rules and laws are breached early enough in our development, the ensuing trajectory of all our future development will be sent off into an unhealthy, survival-only-based for the short term, direction.

Our species has evolved over millions of years in such a way that there is a narrow margin for what is most needed for our best development.  As we change how we raise our children from an extended family, tribal and community base, we are placing ourselves and our children at ever increasing risk for suffering from insecure attachment disorders with all their accompanying disruptions for the life span.

What happened to my mother and my father in their earliest beginnings set in motion a chain of predictable consequences that culminated in the 18-year torturous childhood I endured.  They both had insecure attachment early histories with resulting insecure attachment disorders.  Those disorders let the dark rather than the sunshine in to my childhood.

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There is nothing easy about writing this post.  I am tempted to offer a blanket apology for the disarrayed information I am going to post links for you today.  What I WANT is polished, completed perfection.  What I WANT to present to you would look like the information contained in my October 1, 2009 post +CHILDHOOD DISSOCIATION, DEPERSONALIZATION, DEREALIZATION – I NEVER HAD A CHOICE TO BE OR NOT TO BE about the symptoms of childhood dissociation.

I was envious of those few succinct and perfectly chosen words that presented that information on Guidelines for the Evaluation and Treatment of Dissociative Symptoms in Children and Adolescents written by someone for the International Society for the Study of Dissociation.  Then I realized that these concepts were probably part of what could be called a White Paper.  They were no doubt an accumulation of multiple minds working on a problem that needed a solution, and what is presented is the result of a combined effort.

I had some friends when I lived in northern Minnesota who owned 40 acres of sugar maple trees.  Every spring when the sap began to run their entire family would participate in tapping the trees, collecting the sap, and boiling it down in huge vats until it turned into maple syrup.  It took 60 gallons of sap to create one gallon of syrup.

Thinking about secure and insecure attachment feels like a similar process to me.  I can’t begin to imagine the brilliant genius of the minds of the specialists who discover facts and write about the topic.  What I am presenting today is still — only — a collection of their words as I try to gather enough information, and go over it enough times, that I might begin to glimpse the critical significance of their work.

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Because the experiences of abuse and trauma I endured during the 18 years of my childhood were so extreme, my search of the ‘ordinary’ literature on ‘dysfunctional’ childhoods did not begin to answer my questions about what happened to me and why.  These links I present today contain what I KNOW is critical information about what put both of my parents at risk for turning into monsters.

In order to begin to understand the life of a tree I would not simply study the tip of the topmost and outermost branches.  To understand the bigger picture I would have to study the whole tree, down to the deepest roots that keep it standing in the sky.  I am not content to rely simply on such terms as ‘mental illness’ or ‘Borderline Personality Disorder’ to describe what I might be able to learn about my mother.  I am not content to simply label my father ‘an enabler’.  Who my parents were, why and how they operated the way that they did toward me, I will never actually know.

Attachment research gives me the clearest and most correct platform I have ever found from which I can begin to understand — and therefore begin to apply informed compassion — to the criminal actions my parents took against me.  It also helps me to understand the most important consequences caused by their actions toward me, and helps me learn how to transform them.

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Even a quick but dedicated quick scanning of the words contained in the following links will have the capacity to change how you look at yourself, your parents, your relationships.  These words are about how early caregiver interactions — good and bad — form the brain-mind.  It is from the foundation of these early beginnings that all future development of an individual arises, in the same way that all the future growth of a tree begins with the cracking of a fertile seed and the growth down of roots and up of its trunk and branches.

The very bare-bones layout of the information in the links covers the difference between secure attachment (about 55% of our population) and insecure attachment (the other 45%).  Most researchers use one set of words to describe the insecure attachment disorder in infants and another for adults related to the exact same patterns.  I see no reason to do this.  What exists in infancy as a disordered attachment remains for a lifetime unless some specific interventions and applied efforts are made toward trying to change the hard-wiring of the infant brain as it was built in the first place so that it becomes more ‘secure’ later in life.

There are breakdowns within the category of insecure attachment that cover what happens to the 45% of people who have less than an optimal early caregiver brain building interaction period in their infancy.  My guesstimate is that about one-third of this 45% fit into each of the following three main categories.

— There are two ‘organized’ insecure attachment disorders/patterns/systems = Avoidant-Dismissive Insecure Attachment and Preoccupied-Ambivalent Insecure Attachment.   The important word here is ORGANIZED, which is in contrast to the third insecure attachment disorder which is NOT organized.

— This is the disorganized  insecure attachment disorder/pattern/system known as the  – Disorganized-Disoriented Insecure Attachment.  Serious dissociation occurs within this group as well as many of the more serious so-called mental illnesses.

There are at least two other attachment categories that may or may not be recognized in the future as having enough merit on their own to remain distinguished from any of the above categories.  They are the ‘earned secure attachment‘ and the ‘cannot classify insecure attachment‘ groupings.

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I hope that readers will find something useful in these links.  I am a long, long way from coming up with my own version of a simple, clear and succinct ‘white’ paper. What appears in italics in these links are my own words as I processed these technical writings as I read them.

The main references you will find in these links are as follows as they match my codes for citation page numbers (you will also occasionally find a page number inserted in the middle of some paragraphs to note where in a sentence the page number changed):

Siegel/tdm = The Developing Mind: Toward a Neurobiology of Interpersonal Experience by Daniel J. Siegel

Schore/ad = Affect Dysregulation and Disorders of the Self by Allan N. Schore

Schore/ar = Affect Regulation and the Origin of the Self: The Neurobiology of Emotional Development by Allan N. Schore

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These writings contain many unfamiliar words.  If you are scanning only, skip them.  Or, do a quick Google search using “Webster define _____.”

I believe that the more traumatic a reader’s childhood was, the more they will benefit from gaining an understanding of this information.   It will improve understanding on a more profound level about what happened to their own self development and the development of their early caregivers.  (I need to specify here that I can make no assumptions about how sexual abuse fits into the picture of secure and insecure attachments.  That is not a part of my story, and I cannot and do not make any statements about it.)

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+I BEGAN TO WRITE ABOUT MY FATHER AND ENDED UP WRITING ABOUT EVIL

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Whenever I try to think through my father’s role in our family, I seem to come back around, again and again, to one thing:  He did his job.  He worked as hard as any man possibly could to support us.  He was not a financial deadbeat dad, and he did not abandon us.

This is important.  When I look at these early California pictures I see that we looked like the perfect family.  Gorgeous parents, gorgeous kids, nice houses.  Our family did not fit the poverty stricken profile, even though my parents’ later decisions including homesteading, continual moving, and addition of more children to the family left us with thin resources that certainly placed us on the ‘poorer’ end of the spectrum in terms of food we ate and clothes we wore.  But we did not starve.  While we usually lived in over crowded conditions, we had a roof over our heads.  When push came to shove, somebody went to the doctor.

I think about my mother’s home of origin where past the age of 5, after my mother’s father lost everything in the stock market crash of 1929 and her mother divorced him, it was my educated, motivated and capable grandmother who consistently worked to support herself and her children.  I tie two factors together when I think about how utterly incapable my mother was throughout her lifetime of being able to financially support herself.  If our financial care had been left entirely to my mother as a single mother I know for a fact we would have been in terrible, dire trouble.

I have no way to verify any facts that lie behind the stories I heard growing up about my father’s childhood.  Supposedly my father had been a late, unwanted child.  He was ignored by his mother and raised nearly exclusively by his older sister, Olive.  My mother for some reason despised Olive, and I heard thousands of times in my childhood how much I looked and acted like her.

Right before my father’s brain surgery in the fall of 1990 he came through Albuquerque, New Mexico where I was attending graduate school and my sister had lived for many years.  He was on a mission to return to his childhood home in Holbrook, Arizona in an effort to sadly retrieve some connection to his own self and his own past that had been denied to him during his marriage to my hate filled mother who had demanded that my father disown his family of origin.

On that trip my father told me about his mother that during his childhood remained at home and never left the house except when absolutely necessary to procure goods necessary for survival.  She had no friends and she talked to no one.  My father’s father worked mostly out of town, went through three bankruptcies and died of alcoholism (as eventually did both his only brother and his sister).

My father’s description of his mother was that she might have been severely depressed.  If she had been in that state around the time of his birth and throughout his childhood, my father would have no doubt been forced to develop what is called an avoidant-dismissive attachment disorder.  Most simply put, this means that his brain was never formed to include enough of the right kinds of emotional information to develop a strong, clear healthy self, or to have a strong, clear healthy relationship with anybody else.

The avoidant-dismissive insecure attachment disorders can easily create depressed offspring.  Those same early deprivation experiences with early caregivers can also easily create Narcissistic Personality Disorder offspring.  In order for NPD to develop, I believe other malevolent factors have to exist besides emotional, psychological and mental neglect.  I don’t believe those more malevolent factors existed for my childhood father.  I think he suffered from not being wanted, and therefore from neglect.  In the end, he was anything BUT narcissistic.  I never knew my father to do a single selfish thing — unless ignoring me fit that category.

That made him a perfect fit for my mother, who intuitively would have known, unconsciously, from the first moment she met my father that he would never, ever overwhelm her emotionally.  And he didn’t.  My father’s brain-mind had been created to simply automatically know how to flip inner switches in its circuitry so that he could still function rather than being overwhelmed himself.  He could compartmentalize and dissociate from stimuli coming at him from all directions and still carry an incredibly heavy load on his back as he trudged down the road of his life while his children grew up and his wife abused him.

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This morning I woke up from dreams I could not remember with the image of my father carrying the load of the world upon his back like the mythological Atlas.  Atlas was one of the Classical Gods of Ancient Greece, God of Weightlifting and Heavy Burdens.  If the psychologist, Carl Jung, ever identified a human archetype related to the aspects of this god, my father lived that archetype.  When I woke this morning I saw my father in the role of being a work horse tied into the traces of trying to provide for his family.  He was more like a heavily burdened mule than a man.  And because nobody in his early life had probably ever cared about his emotional or physical well being, being able to care for his own or his childrens’ later on was probably just about impossible for him to do.

Meanwhile, my father took on the work not only of fulfilling a demanding professional profession but also took on his Alaskan lifestyle duties as described frequently in my mother’s letters.  He looks in his pictures to be gaunt and exhausted most of the time.  My father never once in his lifetime abandoned the financial care of my mother, and I don’t think she was able to ever know how fortunate she was, and I don’t think she ever appreciated what my father gave to her.  Those inabilities were simply another extension of her mental illness.

The disorganized-disoriented insecure attachment disorder my mother developed in her early childhood manifested as a severe mental illness which was, though unnamed, just another of the heavy burdens my father shouldered and lived with.  Because my mother had 6 children to ‘raise’ it seemed mostly obvious that she would not be the one to financially support the family in any way.  In that era of time, it was mostly common for men to work outside the home and mothers to remain in the home, anyway.  Those roles were rarely questioned.  But if my father had ever reneged on his own obligations that he assumed, I know for a fact our mother could have in no way filled his provider shoes.  We would have starved and frozen to death if that part of our care had been in the hands of my mother.

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The family stories about my father’s childhood also included reference to the ‘fact’ that he was a shy child, and by the time he was in 8th grade he was obese and had no friends.  How did the young man who was to become my father respond to the persuasive, seductive charms of the gorgeous young woman who was to be my mother when he met her?  They met through my mother’s brother, who was my father’s university roommate, and were married six months later.  Did he see all hell breaking lose from the start?  Was it a gradual process?

My parents were living in their third Los Angeles house by the time I was four.  My mother berated my father for not being motivated enough to care for the yard at the Atchinson house causing their eviction.  They bought a house in Altadena and only lived in it a brief time before they left that one and bought the one in Pasadena.  I have come to wonder because other people have questioned it, whether it was because of my mother’s rage attacks on tiny me that created a stir in the neighborhoods they lived in so that my parents simply moved out and moved on.  It’s entirely possible that is what happened.

I know that whatever happened during my mother’s labor with me created a fundamental psychotic break in her mind as she believed the devil sent me to kill her and that I was the devil’s child sent as a curse upon her life.  How did that psychosis appear to my father?  To my mother’s mother?  I believe my mother was insane enough, clever enough, and narcissistic enough to preserve her own survival by hiding her feelings about me from everyone around her.  She know how to play the perfect part of being the perfect charming wife, homemaker and mother.  She had her disguises and she chose to use them well.  She had that capacity.

I think about all the Trickster legends in old and traditional lore and legend.  My mother appeared to be an expert at switching in and out of mental and mood states depending upon what environment she was in and on who she was trying to fool.  I think my mother kept my father spinning around and around and around so that putting one foot in front of the other as he hauled his heavy burden with him was all that he could do.  Of the thousand things that were wrong with his life noticing what was wrong with me was so NOT his priority that it never happened at all.  That is what my mother intended, and my mother never missed her mark.

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I believe that in most cases all forms of insecure attachment disorders and their resulting so-called mental illnesses progress throughout a lifetime, and their ability to change or even identify what is wrong deteriorates accordingly.  As I grew older both my father and my mother were becoming sicker and sicker.  The more vicious, demanding and mean my mother became, the more fragmented, dissociated and compartmentalized my father’s brain-mind-self must have become to adapt to her.  I do believe that my father took the easiest route out regarding his daughter, Linda.  My mother fed him a poisoned apple regarding my innate badness, and he ate and swallowed it.  I believe that he came to believe my mother.  He ate her bait, ‘hook, line and sinker’.

It is an odd paradox to me that my father seemed to be so emotionally and mentally weak and vulnerable against the evil hatred my mother was toward me.  The more pressure she put on him the more he caved.  My mother did not want my father to love her mortal sworn enemy, Linda.  She used every power she possessed to make her wish come true.  My father, who could carry every one of the other thousand burdens in his life chose not to think or feel for himself regarding me.  I believe my father ‘learned’ not to question my mother regarding me.  Somewhere along the time-line of being my father and his wife’s husband, he gave up and gave in.

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The worst thing that could have happened did happen.  My father came to believe my mother’s lies about Linda.  Once that happened, I believe that my father believed that ‘if only’ Linda were not a part of his family life would be better.  He certainly had a perfected ability through his insecure attachment disorder to dismiss and avoid not only me as his child, but evidently any possible thought that my mother and he were either wrong in their thinking or their actions – and in his case, particularly his inactions.  I was doomed.  I would have been better off one or both of them had simply taken me out and shot me.

So my commenter was right that my father’s difficulties in taking the life of a moose meant nothing compared to his treatment of me.  My difficulties in seeing this and knowing this fact originated in 18 years of living under conditions controlled by my mother’s hatred of me and of my father believing her.  I was also fed my mother’s poisoned apple.  I look at these early pictures of baby me, and I can’t put the ‘1 + 1 together’ and come up with 2.  I seem to auger myself deeper and deeper in self loathing as I blame and fault myself that I cannot seem to face the truth about my childhood.

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I believe I need to let my thinking wander into an area that I have only one single time seriously considered.  As I describe in +THE MOST IMPORTANT LETTER I’VE EVER WRITTEN – WHEN I DISOWNED MY MOTHER, the only way I was ever able to severe my faulty connection to my mother was when I could consider that evil was present in my childhood.  Never since that time have I allowed myself to consider that thought.

What happens if I can allow myself to add in one more factor into the equation of my childhood?  What happens if I allow myself to understand that evil is not only real, but that it permeated my entire childhood and was present in all the interactions I had with BOTH my mother and my father?  What happens if I say that I was raised in an environment filled with evil, and that both my parents participated in it?

Inside my body I can feel something happening with these thoughts.  I can feel myself separating from the group of others that were my siblings.  At can see it happening inside my body.  Like separating one dull penny from a group of five shiny ones, I am scooped away from them and left isolated and completely alone to suffer consequences that none of them – and this is my truth – cannot ever possibly imagine.

And this is the truth of what happened to me.  I was culled out of the Lloyd children flock because I was evil.  My mother believed that because I was not human, and that because I was the devil’s child, I had the innate power to take my siblings to the devil.  I had the power to contaminate and ruin them, just as I, myself, was ruined.  When I am off by myself in the family photographs, or when I am completely missing from the pictures, it was because I was being held hostage by an evil that I was told existed AS me – not IN me – but AS me.

Thousands and thousands of times that happened in my childhood.  My siblings so grew up in that environment of evil that they could not question it.  The powers of my mother’s brainwashing affected everyone.  That it affected my father is the crime.

I always want to say that I don’t know what evil is, therefore how can I believe in it?  That is a lie.  Yes, I do know what evil is.  At least the part of it that affected every part of me as a child growing up a victim of my mother’s psychosis.  Am I afraid of evil?  Yes, of course I am.  Do I think if I ignore even thinking about evil that I am somehow protected from its powers?  Yes, I think that.

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At this point of being willing to allow myself to think in terms of evil in my childhood, I can feel my skin and everything inside of it tighten up as if I have crashed through the ice on some vast frozen lake and fallen into icy water that I might never be able to get out of again.  I can feel my blood curdling like sour milk, and perhaps it won’t be able to flow through my heart.  I want to know, “Is there some invisible dam that does its job of keeping evil out of human lives?”  If there is, something broke through that dam in my mother’s brain-mind and evil rushed into her life and swallowed me up.  It swallowed my mother.  It swallowed my father.  But I, as their child, paid the price of suffering while they seemed oblivious.

If God is Love, which I believe He/She is, then the absence of God is not love.  In a topsy-turvy world of blurred boundaries about what is right and what is wrong, about what is love and what is hate, there I place my mother and that blurred boundary is where her Borderline was.  She crossed it with me.  She not only did not love me, she hated me, and she never wavered from that decision, whenever and wherever and however she made it.  If it happened as a result of a psychotic break while she was delivering me, it happened without her conscious thought.  But once she made her decision that I was her mortal enemy, evil consumed my mother toward me.

I could see it in her eyes when she attacked me.  I could feel it in her being toward me all the rest of the time.  She was turned, again like sour milk.  Once soured, milk cannot be returned to its sweet, good state.  Something rotten does not reverse its course and have its better life returned to it.  All that was sour and rotten within my mother was so thoroughly projected out onto me that her beliefs about me grew themselves into my brain, body and mind.

My father, whether he knew it or not, was her assistant.  He helped her.  He believed her.  He stood by her against me every time he knew what she did to me and did nothing to help me.  He took her side.  He stood by her side.  And by doing so he kept open all the flood gates that allowed evil to exist in his home and in his life as it tortured his daughter, me.

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I cannot find it within myself to think at this moment in any other way but to say, it was all a tragedy.  When I look at the definition and origin and relationships of words surrounding tragedy, I see that it’s about the downfall off a man – or a woman.  It’s related to ‘goat’ and to ‘ode’.  There are ancient stories contained within the human race, repeated patterns that happen within our species over and over again.  I was the sacrificial goat in my family – yes, the scapegoat.  But the bigger story, the ancient story was about the interactions between people who are ‘fallen down’ and who involve others, even their children, in this down-falling process.

Yet where does the ‘ode’ fit in?  How is it that I, the sacrificed child, be the one to sing the ode now, the “lyric poem usually marked by exaltation of feeling?”  I see at this moment an image of the Titanic going down with my parents on it.  But I escaped.  I did not go down with them.

I am the one doing this writing.  I am the one that takes a break from these words and goes outside to sit in the sun and listen to the contented chirping of the birds around me.  I just watched a cream colored butterfly with purple spots land on a cream colored pansy with purple spots that I brought into my life.  I am the one who has always, from the time of my earliest beginnings, allayed the power of the darkness that surrounded me.

The Dine people (known as Navajo) use a greeting infused with the idea of living, breathing, and walking in beauty.  I was born with that gift.  I have never lost it.  I have never laid it down and walked away from it.  Nothing has ever removed it from me.  Nothing has that power over me.  Even the name my parents gave me, Linda, is infused with the concept of ‘beauty’, though evidently in its origins it is also tied to the concept of ‘serpent’.

Whatever the role I was forced to play in the trauma drama of my parents’ lives, on my innermost levels I escaped unscathed.  I am no more tarnished by the evil present in their lives than I would be if I was that butterfly or that pansy.  It is on the equally real physiological level, however, of my brain-mind-body that my early and ongoing childhood tortures changed me.  It is with those very real changes that I must live with today no matter what I believe about my parents.

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I did not start off knowing I was going to end up today writing about evil.  Yet now I am thinking about another ancient story about Medusa, the snake-haired monster who could not be looked at directly because doing so would turn a person to stone.  Perhaps it is by looking into the mirror of my father as he was in relationship to her that I can better see the monster image of my mother.  Or maybe it was that he looked at my monster mother directly and was himself turned into stone.  So what is it about me that feels a twang of guilt if I think, “Better him than me?”

After all, whose ode am I singing?  If I keep on my own side of the Borderline, I know it is mine and not either one of my parents’.

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+INCLUDED LINK TO BABY ME

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Before we went to Alaska when I was five:

*Me in California Photographs

1951 - me as a baby with mom, dad and John - she wrote on the back of this picture that I looked like she did in her baby pictures - How did she feel about that -- really?
1951 - me as a baby with mom, dad and John - she wrote on the back of this picture that I looked like she did in her baby pictures - How did she feel about that -- really?

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Just a few links to some pretty boring information being filed away!

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*Cindy’s gym suit note

*1967 – The Alaska Department of Highways Letters RE: Eagle River Road Extension

*1960 August Final Plowing of the Fields – Oliver OC-3 and Plow

*1963 – August 20 note from dad – Got patent to 120 acres

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+SUBSTANCE P – IT’S OUR BODY’S BIOLOGICAL LINK TO FEELING EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL PAIN

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What do we know about pain?  What do we know about the connection between physical and emotional pain responses in the body and brain?

It took me many months of online research before I finally came up with what links our physical and emotional pain responses (and our pain thresholds) together.  I found it in

SUBSTANCE P — a small peptide (protein) released upon stimulation in the nervous system and involved in regulation of the pain threshold.  Substance P (P = pain) works the same in our body whether we have a broken bone or a broken heart.

I’m not sure it helps when we HURT from any pain to say to ourselves, “Oh, that pain is just me feeling Substance P.”  But it might help to realize more clearly that there is a direct and definable link between our ability to experience emotional and/or physical pain in our body-brain.  Emotional distress, including sadness, loneliness and anxiety,  is as real a pain in our body as is any physical pain we can ever experience.

And when terrible physical and emotional pain was forced upon us from early child abuse and neglect experiences, I believe the entire balance of how all these complex pain response systems in our body is altered for the rest of our lifetime.

And I also find it fascinating that Substance P is connected to our ‘puke center’.  In our early evolving brain-mind, what was toxic needed to be vomited out ASAP for our continued survival.  As we became increasingly complex beings, we eventually could not puke out mental, emotional and psychological toxins, poisons and traumas.  We had to find ways to endure in spite of them.

(Epigenetic changes are one of the ways we do this – see yesterday’s post.  These changes have a lot to do with where so-called ‘mental illness’ comes from.)

Substance P is connected to our immune system.  That doesn’t surprise me one single bit.  It is intimately involved with maintenance of our well-being – including the healing of all of our wounds.  Once we truly accept the fact that emotional wounds ARE physical wounds, I believe we can better get on with the business of healing.

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Substance P has effects on mood, memory and sleep, and has been implicated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

It is involved with depression and the actions of antidepressant drugs.

Substance P is involved with sadness.

Substance P is also involved with anxiety and stress responses and disorders.

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FULL ARTICLE (abstract below) CAN BE PURCHASED ONLINE OR ORDERED IN FROM A LIBRARY:

Psychol Bull. 2007 Nov;133(6):1007-37

Substance P at the nexus of mind and body in chronic inflammation and affective disorders.

Rosenkranz MA.

Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA. marosenk@wisc.edu

For decades, research has demonstrated that chronic diseases characterized by dysregulation of inflammation are particularly susceptible to exacerbation by stress and emotion. Likewise, rates of depression and anxiety are overrepresented in individuals suffering from chronic inflammatory disease. In recent years, substance P has been implicated in both the pathophysiology of inflammatory disease and the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety by 2 parallel fields of study.

This review integrates the literature from these 2 parallel fields and examines the possibility that substance P dysregulation may be a point of convergence underlying the overlap of chronic inflammatory disease and mood and anxiety disorders.

First, the involvement of substance P in peripheral inflammation and in the immune events associated with chronic inflammatory disease is discussed, with a focus on inflammatory bowel disease and asthma.

Next, the function of substance P in the communication of peripheral inflammation to the brain is considered.

Finally, to complete the bidirectional loop of brain-immune interactions, substance P expression in anxiety and depression as well as its potential role in the neural regulation of peripheral inflammation is reviewed.

PMID: 17967092 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

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From Wickipedia:

In the field of neuroscience, substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide….that functions as a neurotransmitter and as a neuromodulator.[1][2] It belongs to the tachykinin neuropeptide family. Substance P and its closely related neuropeptide neurokinin A (NKA) ….Substance P is released from the terminals of specific sensory nerves, it is found in the brain and spinal cord, and is associated with inflammatory processes and pain.

Function

Substance P is an important element in pain perception. The sensory function of substance P is thought to be related to the transmission of pain information into the central nervous system. Substance P coexists with the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate in primary afferents that respond to painful stimulation.[11] SP has been associated with the regulation of mood disorders, anxiety, stress,[12] reinforcement,[13] neurogenesis,[14] respiratory rhythm,[15] neurotoxicity, nausea/emesis,[16] pain and nociception.[17] Substance P and other sensory neuropeptides can be released from the peripheral terminals of sensory nerve fibers in the skin, muscle and joints. It is proposed that this release is involved in neurogenic inflammation which is a local inflammatory response to certain types of infection or injury.[18] …. Substance P receptor antagonists may have important therapeutic applications in the treatment of a variety of stress-related illnesses, in addition to their potential as analgesics.

Vomiting

The vomiting center in the brainstem contains high concentrations of substance P and its receptor, in addition to other neurotransmitters such as choline, histamine, dopamine, serotonin, and opioids. Their activation stimulates the vomiting reflex. Different emetic pathways exist, and substance P/NK1R appears to be within the final common pathway to regulate vomiting.[19] Substance P antagonist (SPA) aprepitant is available in the market in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea / emesis.

Pain

Substance P is involved in nociception, transmitting information about tissue damage from peripheral receptors to the central nervous system to be converted to the sensation of pain. It has been theorized that it plays a part in fibromyalgia.

Cell growth

Substance P has been known to stimulate cell growth in culture,[20] and it was shown that Substance P could promote wound healing of non-healing ulcers in humans.[21] It has also been shown to reverse diabetes in mice.[22][23]

Vasodilation

Substance P also has effects as a potent vasodilator. ….As is typical with many vasodilators, it also has bronchoconstrictive properties, administered through the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nervous system (branch of the vagal system)

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+I FOUND ANOTHER ‘BROKEN’ DOLL PIECE MY MOTHER WROTE IN 1955

Dangers of Doll Play — In My Mother’s House

From mother’s 1955 – May 22 writings about Cynthia

Every day she adds 5 or 6 new words to her vocabulary without realizing that she’s doing it…..[including]… , boo-hoo, boo-hoo” for her beloved doll’s make-believe crying….

She plays beautifully and is especially fond of “doll play.”  Her pet is Linda’s big doll with hair.  At first she wasn’t allowed to play with it but Linda finds no enjoyment in playing with dolls and leaves it on the floor so – Cindy has adopted it.   She talks to it, she scolds it, she spanks it – saying “naughty, naughty doll” and then picks it up and cuddles it loving and kissing it.  She brushes the hair and sticks numerous hair-pins in it and then says “There.”  She gives them all a bottle or some imaginary food off of a toy plate, puts them to bed, covers them and kisses each and every one and says “Night.”  She’s a real “little mother” – it just seems to come naturally to her.  She loves the carriage, beds, etc. – it’s so sweet to watch her play!”

This is just another reference to my mother’s opinion of doll play.  The fact that I did not want to play with dolls was brought up to me thousands of times during my entire childhood – of course, as added proof that I was BAD.  The fact that Cindy did like to play with dolls was just another proof in my mother’s reality that she was GOOD.  Today I take this as further evidence that my mother’s psychosis was anchored in her very young childhood play with dolls.  I believe her dissociative disorder, with her imaginary friends and ‘enemy’ originated there.

That’s a whole other level of crazy-making for her to have expected me, being the one she abused, to want to, or even to be able to play with dolls.  I can ‘smell’ dissociation here.  There would have been no possible way for me to have confronted anything to do with so-called mothering and so-called baby care without having the abuse hit me square – in my entire being.

I was not quite four when mother wrote this, right around the time of *Age 3 – THE TOILET BOWL.  Cindy witnessed this horrific event.  How could trauma not enter her play?  I don’t have to imagine how this 22 month old little sister of mine learned to include scolding and spanking into her play.  And mother thought it was cute?  Sick.  So terribly, terribly sad and sick!  Little bitty trauma dramas enacted by a little bitty child who had witnessed her sister being attacked by the same mother they shared.

Yet neither my sister nor I grew up to become mothers who abused our own children.  We somehow knew we had been given the chance to parent right, and we did.

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this comes from whole page posted here:

*1955 – May 22 – Mother writing about 22-month old Cindy

see also related links:

+MY LITTLE POEM ABOUT MY CHILD-SELF MOTHER

*MY MOTHER NEVER OUTGREW HER DOLLS

+BEING MY MOTHER’S IMAGINARY SWORN ENEMY

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MORE INFO

About.com:  Borderline Personality Disorder

from from Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD
Why is it called “borderline” personality disorder? What exactly does “borderline” mean? This week, learn about the BPD name controversy, and weigh in. Do you think the name “borderline personality disorder” should be changed? And to what?

Why is it Called “Borderline Personality Disorder?”
When BPD was first named, “borderline” referred to individuals who did not fit neatly into the two broad categories of mental disorder: psychosis or neurosis. But now that we have a better understanding of mental illness, many people think “borderline” is a misnomer.

Weigh In: Should the Name Change?
Now that you know a little more about the controversy, what do you think? People from all angles: people with BPD, their loved ones, clinicians- weigh in!

Should BPD Remain on Axis II?
Another controversial topic- should BPD remain an Axis II disorder in the next edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders?

More Topics

+THE MOST IMPORTANT LETTER I’VE EVER WRITTEN – WHEN I DISOWNED MY MOTHER

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After these pages and their links are posted here, I am going outside to recreate my flower beds.  I made a special 50-mile round trip to a town near here to buy flowers last evening.  It will never cease to please me that I can actually recreate flower beds now, in mid October, with flowers that will last until spring, even if they have to slow down their growth and blooming during the ‘colder’ months of our Arizona high desert winter.

This reminds me of how so much of my life is like tending a garden, trying to rid myself of weeds, changing with the seasons.  Now, if I can learn how to see the re-creation of myself as recreation rather than being a chore, I could definitely have more fun with this whole process!

Celebrate the seasons.  I try to do that.  Sometimes it’s just a little harder to celebrate the seasons of my soul.

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POST AND THE LETTER AND JOURNAL ENTRIES LINKED TO HERE ABOUT MY DISOWNING MY MOTHER

MAY TRIGGER — PLEASE BE CAREFUL OF YOURSELF!

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Once I completed my process of disowning my mother I never went back on it.  I never spoke to her again [she died in 2002] , and only saw her like the flash of some fading shadow as she entered my father’s hospital room after his disastrous surgery in Alaska the fall of 1990 and instantly turned and left.

I did not find this letter I wrote disowning my mother among the few of my letters she had saved that were with her other papers.  I went searching for my copy of this letter because I knew I had made and kept one.  I also found my journal entries for the days surrounding the writing and the mailing of this letter and they are included below the letter itself in the following link.

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*Age 36 – My May 10, 1988 Letter Disowning My Mother

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I am including this link to the letters I wrote my mother in the year prior to my disowning her.  These ones she saved, and I found them among her papers.  They provide a context and a contrast to what eventually followed their writing — my ‘disownment’ of my mother.

As I read these later letters, I can see how much healthier and happier I was overall than I was at age 20 — but boy, did I go through a LOT in those ensuing 15 years!  What I see NOW, another 20+ years down the road of my life, is that my entire self was organized and oriented around being a mother.

When my baby left home nearly six years ago I suffered a crash I could NEVER have imagined — and I HOPE I am rebounding (very slowly) now though I still feel like whatever SELF I had when I wrote these letters was crushed nearly beyond recognition or retrieval once the major self-organization factor of being a full-time mother vanished.

Perhaps in part because being the best mother I could be (as a counteraction to my mother’s treatment of her children) occupied so much focus for me, and because I didn’t really have much of a SELF to start with thanks to my mother, being a mother myself put me in ‘orbit’ around the ‘sun’ that my children were to my existence for 35 years.

Did my organizing-orienting sun explode or implode when my children left home?  That’s sure what it STILL feels like to me.  I believe that if I had been able to develop a clear, strong and healthy SELF in the right way during the right developmental stages, that ‘crash’ would have been a minuscule fraction of what it has turned out to be for me.  I will be extremely grateful until the moment I leave this world that I was able to let my children go — and take their wonderful selves with them.  I did not create a trauma bond with my children.  I am completely clear that any problems I have in dealing with them being gone are my own to deal with and have nothing to do with them.

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How many times in a lifetime do ‘ordinary’ people reinvent themselves?  Again — and still — I have no ‘ordinary’ points for comparison.

*Ages 35 – 36 – My 1987 Letters to My Mother

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+SO TANGLED UP IN LIES – MY AGE 20 LETTERS ‘HOME’

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It does me no good to be embarrassed, humiliated or ashamed of the young 20 year old woman I was when I wrote these letters that my mother saved among her papers all these years.  They show me how powerfully effective dissociation is to survival.  I simply found a way to invent a ‘self’ and a life using whatever spare parts of a mind-self I found lying around once I left my home of origin.

As I comment at the end of the second letter, the left brain has amazing abilities to fabricate realities that, if never challenged by the right brain, the body memory brain, the higher cortex or a clear, strong and healthy self, simply appear to be THE reality of a person’s life.  I could not see that everything I had ever known about my life was a sham — and a shame.

I had created an entire semblance of some kind of life already by the time I was 20.  I had left home, entered the Navy (from Alaska) , gone through training (Baltimore and San Diego), gotten pregnant, out of the Navy (Rhode Island and back to San Diego) , endured a pregnancy, a terrible and traumatic delivery that nearly killed me, and the first 6 months of my daughter’s life alone, moved to San Francisco, married the father in Honolulu, moved to Sacramento and then to Ohio, spent time with my husband, done drugs, quit doing drugs, separated from my husband and was about to move to Fargo, North Dakota — all in two-and-a-half years.  I had a dissociated life — but by golly, the body that I was living in had survived all of it and kept on going.  My poor self?  Lost.  My poor mind?  Doing the best it could do to make sense of any of it.

I would say, “Don’t bother reading these letters,” but “Who am I to say?”

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*Age 20 – My March 7, 1972 letter to my parents

*Age 20 – My May 1, 1972 letter to my mother

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+FIGHTING MY MOTHER’S DARKNESS – BEING AFRAID OF MY OWN YOUNG ADULTHOOD LETTERS?

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For as long as this part of my project will take me, I am going to do something that is extremely difficult for me to face.  I have a collection here of a few of the letters my mother saved that I wrote to her in my adulthood before I disowned her.

I want to tear them up, throw them away, burn them to ashes.  I want to do anything but read them or to face them head on.  Yet, I think now about what my daughter told me the other night about my struggle in facing my mother’s letters she wrote in the years that I was in my teens.  She told me  that just because my struggle is so great there is probably something important I can learn by going ahead with my project.  Well, the struggle seems greatest when I am faced with myself in my own adult letters.

Am I this afraid of actually seeing the lies of my childhood continued into my adulthood?

Yes, I am.  I feel as I might should I be standing outside of a burning building ready to race inside to try to save myself, no matter what the cost.  I feel sick inside.  I fear there is sickness in these letters, and I will not only see it there, I will feel it here today in my own body as I re-read my own words.

It is one thing to take a hard, close look at my mother’s writing because they are ‘out there’, outside of me.  But my own words?  Do I have the courage to examine the extent that I bought the lies about Linda, the extent that I ate them, swallowed them, internalized them until I could not tell the difference between where my mother left off and I began?

What are my hopes?  What goodness do I think I might be able to gain by spending time with past self?  How much of my past self remains with me today?  Can I see what I hate and change it?  Is it an absolute, stupid and complete waste of time working with my own letters?  How do I see the process as being different from examining my mother, and my grandmother, through their letters?

What am I afraid to learn?  Do I have the courage, willingness and perseverance to find out?

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I suspect at this moment, before I step into this next unknown contained within my own letters, I am afraid that I will face within myself something that tells me that everything that happened to me in my childhood was all my fault and that I deserved it.  This fear is not reasonable.  This statement is not reasonable.  There was no REASON in my childhood.  That is what my mother’s severe mental illness was all about.

I fear I will see from my vantage point today how completely rotten and faulty the foundation of my self was, and therefore of my life was,  as I passed out from under the shadow of the roof of my parents’ home into my own dim adulthood future.  I bought the lies of my childhood because they were present with the first breath I ever took and I had no way of knowing this.  I was raised without being loved.  I was raised being told that I was evil, not human.  I was raised to believe that everything about me was wrong.  I did not leave those lies behind me.  They were built into me.  They became a part of me.

It was bad enough that what happened to me for 18 years at the hands of my mother ever happened to me at all.  But what feels worse to me is knowing that I carried it all within my body-brain-mind right out of my childhood with me — and I didn’t even know it.

It comes down to being raised and ‘built’ in a world of darkness.  My mother’s darkness was not my own, yet I had to find for myself a light that allowed me to survive her.  Her darkness was put onto me and into me, it surrounded me and permeated every aspect of my childhood from the time of my birth.  But from my side of the story it was a false darkness to me.  I didn’t know this.   I didn’t know the darkness came from my mother and not from me.

I didn’t know that in the insanity and abuse of my childhood I came to find and create my own false light to endure in false darkness.  I know this now because I can see that if someone had removed me from my mother’s care when I was born, there would have been no darkness for me to adjust to.  I wouldn’t have had to deal with any of it.  I would be a different person.

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I can’t explain this right now, I guess.  I can’t explain how the darkness of my mother’s mental illness robbed me of the light of love, hope, trust, safety and security that I needed in order to grow into my own strong, healthy, happy self.  Being robbed of this light forced me to come up with my own light, but it was a false a light because it was designed to fight my mother’s darkness, not my own.

I could not simply step out of my childhood and into my adulthood, into the ‘ordinary’ light of a benevolent world as if I had lived in it my entire life.  I had been formed in and by an entirely different, dark and malevolent world.  I did not have eyes that were designed to see in the bright light of ‘ordinary’ day.  My eyes were designed to see in a world of my mother’s pitch darkness.

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What will I see when I step into the world of my own early adulthood letters?  With whose eyes will I look at the world, in and with what light?  Whose darkness might be hiding in them?  Or, better yet, whose light?

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+MY 6-WEEK NEWBORN CHECKUP – THE MONSTER WAS BORN WHEN I WAS

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I just found this written on a single yellowed sheet of folded paper within my mother’s letters.  It is my mother’s report of my 6-week newborn checkup.   I noticed immediately that she mentioned her childhood play with dolls more than once in her writing here (see link below).   Knowing what I know now, the doll play of her childhood ended up being tied in with her psychosis — her dolls as her imaginary friends — her children as her doll friends until they got too old to be baby dolls any longer (so she had another, and another…) and me being the one that ended up being her imaginary enemy.

In this piece I don’t, of course, see her psychosis directly — but its presence is here.  It was tied into the comments I found in her letters she wrote when pregnant with her 5th child (see at: *CIRCUMSTANCES OF MY BIRTH) — and what I know from what she told me throughout my childhood.   Hidden within any ‘sweet words’ she wrote on this 1951 date are the seeds of disaster.

My mother never understood that her children were people, not objects, not projections from her mind, not her imaginary friends — and she never understood that I wasn’t her imaginary enemy.

I can also sense something — NOW — in reading this piece that I would not be able to pinpoint if I hadn’t just spent all the time I did transcribing the summer and fall 1960 letters my mother wrote, and the spring 1961 letters leading up to the birth of her 5th child in March of 1961.  In those writings, and in the ones beyond as he grows through his infancy, her writings are full of ‘her love’ for him (almost nauseatingly so).

Nowhere in this piece my mother wrote about 6-week old infant me does she say she loves me.  She doesn’t hint of it.  (see also in comparison:  *1960 (IN THE ACT) HOMESTEADING and +1961 – MOTHER’S WRITINGS)

In fact, I find it eerie, strange and chilling that on this day that she identifies as a ‘special’ day for me, she chooses not to write about me and her love for me, but rather chooses to place my 16-month old brother at the forefront of her interest.  In it she turns away from me,  leaving me out in the freezing cold already in this piece, placing her affection on my brother and not on newly born me.  She says that HE loves me.  She loves him that he loves me.  But she cannot bring herself, even here, to indicate any sign of affection for me.  This is never a good sign between a mother and her newborn.

I believe this happened because of the tragic circumstances of my breach birth.  I believe she lacked the ability, even at my age of 6 weeks, to accept me as her beloved and cherished daughter.  There is no sign she is bonded with me in this piece.  There is no sign of warmth toward me.  She was bonded with my brother — as much as she was capable of.  I believe the clock was ticking, the fuse was burning:  Her abuse of me was already in the wings because of her psychotic break that happened while she was birthing me.

She told me repeatedly not only during my childhood, but even over the telephone in a conversation I had with her when I was 30 that the devil sent me to kill her while I was being born.  She told me all during my childhood, and again in this same telephone conversation when I was 30 that because she survived birthing me, I was sent as a curse upon her life.

The shadow monster, I believe, was already present, already tangible and visible, had already reared its head and threatened to swallow me even at this very, very young age of 6 weeks.  In reality, someone should have taken me away from my mother right then, because the twisting of her mind had already begun and I was destined from the moment of my birth to be her chosen victim.

*1951 – October 15 – Linda’s 6-week Check-Up (and brother John)

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+SHORT AND SWEET — ALL THE MISSING 1966 LETTERS! HERE’S ALL I HAVE….

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Can’t beat this — this is all there is of:

*1966 Mother’s Letters

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