+MORE THINKING ON CRASH-DUMMY BABIES – THE SOUND/PITCH OF THE DISTRESSED INFANT CRY

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I found an interesting article online that describes the pitch range of ordinary infant versus distressed ‘sick’ infant crying:

Impact of the Cry of the Infant at Risk on Psychosocial Development

PHILIP SANFORD ZESKIND, PhD

Carolinas Medical Center, USA

(Published online April 4, 2005)

Recent Research Results

“Whereas research originally sought to find whether cries elicited by discrete eliciting conditions could be perceptually differentiated, (4,25) more recent research has centered on cries as representing a continuum of sounds. (26,17)  A model emphasizing a “synchrony of arousal” between infants and caregivers describes how increases or decreases in infant arousal produce corresponding changes in the temporal and acoustic characteristics of infant crying that then typically produce corresponding increases or decreases in the perceived arousal and motivation of the caregiver. (27)  For example, as the infant becomes increasingly hungry and aroused, cries become increasingly higher-pitched, resulting in increasingly higher-perceived arousal in the caregiver. In this way, the cry sound mediates a symbiosis between the conditions that result in infant crying and the caregiver’s responses to the infant.”  [please see the references noted by numbers embedded within this text by clicking on the title of the article above]

“Whereas typical cries may range in fundamental frequency (basic pitch) from 400 to 650 Hz, hyperphonated cries are defined by a qualitative break in the cry sound to a fundamental frequency above 1,000 Hz that may range to 2,000 Hz and more.”

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I wanted to get an idea about what this range of crying pitch might sound like, so I found a list of the hertz range for notes on a piano keyboard.

PIANO KEY FREQUENCIES

The sound range of the crying of a ‘sick’ baby is way up there on the piano keyboard, at and above ‘soprano C’.

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“Reflecting a special condition of infant arousal, the high-pitched hyperphonated cry of the infant at risk elicits significantly stronger perceptual and physiological reactions than typical infant cries. Across cultures, (14,28) hyperphonated cries are perceived to be more irritating, aversive, arousing and “sick” sounding than typical cries and to elicit more immediate responses that include holding and cuddling. (29) Several studies indicate that there are at least two distinct dimensions underlying the perceptions of hyperphonated cries ― one in which the infant sounds “sick” and requires ameliorative care and one in which the cry is perceived as unusually aversive. (14,30) A higher cry pitch has been directly related to these particular perceptions. (30)”

“The presence of at least two dimensions underlying the perceptions of infant cry sounds underscores the importance of considering how the same cry sound may have different meanings to caregivers, depending on the listener’s emotional set.”

“In contrast to the typical response of increased arousal to higher-pitched cry sounds, adolescent mothers, (34) women suffering from depression35 and women who use cocaine during pregnancy (36) perceive cries of increasing pitch as being less arousing and less worthy of immediate care.”

“These differences in caregiver responsivity to infants with higher-pitched and hyperphonated cry sounds have been shown to be related to the infant’s subsequent psychosocial development.”

Conclusion

“The psychosocial development pathway of the infant at risk will reflect the combined effects of the infant’s altered neurobehavioural organization, the resulting behavioural repertoire of the infant, and how individual caregivers respond to the infant. As part of this behavioural repertoire, the hyperphonated cry of the infant at risk is a two-edged sword. So aversive are the physical properties of high-pitched infant crying that caregivers will often try to do whatever is necessary to try to stop the noxious sound. In most cases, these attempts will provide the kinds of auditory, visual, vestibular and tactile-kinesthetic forms of stimulation that promote infant development. This process may be accentuated when caregivers respond with attentive, more immediate ameliorative care to an infant they think sounds “sick.”

“In some cases, however, caregivers may respond to the aversive quality of the cry with unusually heightened arousal that provides that basis for “defensive” reactions, actions that are physically detrimental to the infant’s well-being and/or emotional and physical withdrawal of the mother from the infant over time. When a mother suffers from depression, for example, her emotional condition may make her even less able to respond to the crying infant as the needs of that infant increase. In extreme cases, her response patterns may include an increased risk for physical child abuse and/or neglect. These divergent response patterns and [have] effects on several aspects of the infant’s psychosocial development have been supported in longitudinal studies.”

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What happens to an infant’s development when the mother/caregiver, who is supposed to be the infant’s comforter is, instead the SOURCE of an infant’s distress and hence of its higher pitched cry of distress?

Reading this information makes me wonder about my own stress response and aversion to high pitched sounds.  I have almost NO tolerance for them at all!!  They are a trigger for my trauma that is often hard to understand — but maybe the facts that this article points out are part of the much bigger SOUND picture — including verbal abuse — that set our nervous system off down the trauma-changed road from the beginning of my life.

This — a “synchrony of arousal” between infants and caregiver — does not happen for battered babies and hence our development is trauma-changed.

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+BEING AN ADULT BATTERED BABY SURVIVOR – A UNICORN IN MY OWN SECRET GARDEN?

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The approximate 5% of the population that I deem to be battered baby crash-dummy survivors of a severely abusive, neglectful, traumatic and inadequate early caregiver-interaction, insecure and unsafe attachment (to others, self and the world) environment truly comprise what our society terms the ‘at risk’ percentage of our population.  You name the stressor, the difficulty, the negative consequence and there you will find us standing with our ‘battered baby survivor’ crash dummy flags waving high above the crowd.

Or rather, there you will find us struggling along in the ranks of the homeless, the jobless, the underemployed, the chronically ill, the troubled relationship involved, the poor ones, the sick ones — in other words here we are among the ones MOST in need of understanding, compassion, and assistance.

The older I become the more I realize that I was lucky to get through my mothering years as well as I did (which by most socioeconomic standards was still bopping along the bottom).  The older I become the more I suspect that whatever resources I could muster and use to survive my first 18 years of total hell, and then the next 35 years of being a parent and an adult trying to ‘fit in’ and ‘get along’, the more I realize that whatever assets I had in my resource account are pretty well used up.

My cancer came.  People who loved me pushed, pulled and dragged me through treatment so that I am still alive.  But I feel just about bankrupt.

Financially I am completely dependent ‘on the dole’ – and not living in a nation like, say, Sweden, I punish myself continually for my inability/disability to ‘pay my own way’.  That ALSO wears on me heavily.

My expiration date was up — and I pushed it.  Here I am.  But I am here to say that I think I feel more like a unicorn than I do a ‘fully functional adult human’ (MAN!  What we do to one another and our self!)

Here I am, increasingly unable to leave the sanctuary and sanctity of my own Secret Garden because of the cresting effects of the damage that was done to me in my earliest years of development in trauma.

I hate the limitations these consequences of created within me and for me.  My world grows smaller and smaller.

I am soon to transfer all my medical records to a woman doctor in this small town, one I hope will listen to me so that she can begin to comprehend what I am saying:  I have my bags packed and I am ready to go.  I am soul weary and tired of the battle.  I see nothing ever getting any better for me.  I believe the long term permanent trauma changes that happened to me have caught up with me — for good (or for worse!).

I do not see my point of view as being unnatural given my condition, or as pessimistic.  My condition is a fact.  If we wish to tackle the problems that someone like me faces, we must accept that some babies are born to be their caregiver’s crash dummies, and there is a price to pay when those conditions are (were for survivors) allowed to exist.

Except for the 5% of the population I write about, to and for, the rest of our culture has a long, long way to go before they will begin to have a single clue about what I am talking about.

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+BATTERED CRASH-DUMMY BABIES — AND OUR LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT

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Perhaps being raised from birth as a solitary, isolated and battered infant-child prepared me for being a ‘lone voice in the wilderness’.  I did a Google search last evening for the terms ‘infant abuse language development’ and was shocked at the pitiful range of information that appeared on my screen.  I added the word ‘mother’ to my search terms and still found little that could help me understand what I wanted to study.

As a complete lay person it is NOT a good sign to have my own blog page show up on the first page of such a search.  What this tells me is that either what I think is so far outside the realm of ‘correct’ and ‘relevant’ that it bears no further thought — or it tells me that what I know is of critical importance and needs to be researched and studied by the people who receive the BIG BUCKS to study what matters to human beings forever stuck in the trenches of life as survivors of infant-child abuse.

One study I found is so old it represents only the beginning of the research that Dr. Allan Schore and other more ‘modern’ developmental neuroscientists have more currently written about.  Although this paper (what I could access of it online — The Rhythmic Structure of Mother-Infant Interaction in Term and Preterm Infants) describes patterns of infant-mother interactions that are critical for infant body-brain development, it was written before the photographic technology even existed that Schore uses to highlight the fact that accurately measuring the infant-caregiver interactions that are forming the infant happen NOT in the range of one-second intervals, but rather occur at rates in the millisecond range.

(Do a Google search for ‘schore mother infant brain development’ and take a look at THIS information.)

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Most simply and effectively put, those of us with severe infant-child abuse and neglect in our developmental early history are MOST likely to experience processes that are lumped together under the descriptive word DISSOCIATION.  When I look at the information about the natural patterns of connection and disconnection that take place between infants and their caregivers from birth as they are required for brain-nervous system development (including infant consolidation of information as it builds the body-brain) I understand that when an infant is born into a completely chaotic, traumatic and UNSTABLE environment these patterns DO NOT operate correctly.

Too much information, too much of hurtful information, too much information being bashed at and into the infant, not enough information, chaotic unstable patterns being forced upon the infant by a MOTHER or other early caregiver that have NOTHING WHATSOEVER to do with the infant itself, etc.

There is NO POSSIBLE WAY for an infant to develop in a normal or ordinary fashion given the extremely upsetting nature of the interactions and transactions it is exposed to and forced to experience with an abusive, traumatizing, terrorizing early caregiver.

HOW DO WE EXPECT THAT THERE WILL NOT BE SERIOUS AND PERMANENT CONSEQUENCES TO THE INFANT from these kinds of interactions — along with the nearly complete exclusion of CORRECT, sustaining, regulation and HELPFUL interactions that the infant MUST have to build its best body-nervous system-brain?

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Now, getting to my present reality:  What I experienced yesterday while trying to obtain fuel assistance money from a county-operated program that is supposed to do its job was so far past unsettling to me that I headed back to my infancy to look for information about how I experienced what happened yesterday — inside of my own body.

I don’t want to go into the details of how inept both this program and its administrators are (in the state of Arizona).  Life is life, and it’s a fact that Big People are LIKELY to experience stressful, disturbing and unsettling experiences.

What matters is that when an infant was built from birth in the kind of malevolent (not pampered!) environment I am describing, we do not have built within our own body-nervous system-brain ‘normal or ordinary’ circuits and pathways to DEAL with the stress-distress that life throws our way.

I can find no reference online to this direct connection between infant lack of well-being and the adult consequences of being built in those terrible environments that DIRECTLY affect our inabilities and disabilities to sail through difficulties in our adulthood that normal and ordinary people usually can.

The best that we survivors are likely to hear is, “Oh, there’s something wrong with you.  Let’s diagnose you with a ‘mental illness’.

GIVE ME A BREAK, you idiots!

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I will describe here as clearly as I can what happens to me when I am at my wit’s end stress-distress wise and have to deal with people.  This happened to me yesterday, and is an experience that I do not remember having consciously between the time I left home at 18 (I had it prior to that) and the time I received my very serious breast cancer diagnosis and began treatment at age 55.

(My daughter tells me she has an idea what I am talking about based on her experience of meeting people in a stress-filled situation, like in an important interview, when she is so involved with dealing with incoming information that is NOT VERBAL — (now experts say that 95% of information transmitted in our conversations IS NONVERBAL) —  that she cannot HEAR a single word being spoken.  I also believe people under pressure of serious medical treatments experience related difficulties when trying to understand what their medical providers are telling them — like in cancer treatment.)

ANYWAY, the woman behind the fuel assistance program’s desk was trying to explain to me that all the rules for the program had been changed (in stupid ways) that directly and negatively affect ALL people applying for help.

The more desperate I felt inside knowing that my ability to heat my home were being increasingly threatened, the more I could NOT understand what she was telling me.  The not understanding was at the level of watching her mouth move its tongue and lips with no sound attached to those actions.  At the same time an extremely annoying DISSOCIATED and disconnected SOUND filled my awareness that was extremely noisy and irritating.  I could not connect the sound to the lips to the words to any kind of sense at all.

Because what I needed for my own well-being and security (the ability to heat my house) mattered so much, I HAD to understand what this woman was saying to me.  How humiliating and extremely AGGRAVATING it was to finally have to say to her, “I need you to tell me what you are saying as if you are talking to a two-year-old — or I will NOT be able to understand you.”  (I did not receive the help I needed yesterday and in one month’s time have to jump through all of their hoops again — for the third time in three months.)

I absolutely believe, because I could FEEL it, that my lack of ability to understand a DAMN thing in that conversation happened because the very earliest PREVERBAL, PRE LANGUAGE neuronal wiring in my body — built there during extremely abusive and chaotic nonsensical interactions with my traumatizing mother — was in full action.

I also absolutely believe that I am not ALONE!  I am certainly NOT the only adult who survived severe infant abuse.

Does anyone talk about how it IS for us survivors and how it FEELS to us in our BODY to have been so negatively impacted in our development that these alterations affect how we learned and process language — ESPECIALLY WHEN STRESS/DISTRESS IS PRESENT?

No, they do not.

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While I believe the malevolent experiences during my infancy directly formed my body-brain wiring patterns that are the root of how I am forced to operate in the world, I do not believe that ‘dissociation’ is the correct description of the state I am forced into when these earliest wiring patterns overwhelm my ability to make sense of myself in/and the world.

Based on my experience that my cancer treatment interrupted all the later learning I had acquired that allowed me to circumvent the baseline language patterns that I acquired — I believe it is more accurate to say that the earliest beginnings and what THAT felt like is the REAL us in our body.  Everything that we managed to piece together to ‘feel more normal’ and to ‘operate more normally’ are themselves the dissociations from what was native to us — that which was built into and built our body-brain in the first place INCLUDING OUR ABILITY TO COMPREHEND AND USE LANGUAGE.

When I experience (and I HATE IT) what I did yesterday, I am very clear that I am ACTUALLY without ‘a first language’.  No doubt my brain could be watched during these times and SOMETHING DIFFERENT would be detected about how my brain-mind is processing language.

I suspect that the foundation of language abilities as they happen from birth (actually from before birth) in patterns of connection-disconnection with the mother cannot possibly follow magically along normal pathways if the infant is being treated in traumatizing ways.  We infant abuse survivors therefore cannot possibly have learned language in normal and ordinary ways.

This is a BIG PROBLEM, folks, at the same time it COULD be a fascinating journey into understanding the resiliency of infants who can STILL adapt to spoken language.  I also believe, however, that the same alterations that occurred due to early abuse and affected how we process spoken words and nonverbal signals with our ‘different balance from ordinary’ in terms of how we receive information, process it and ‘take action’ (listening and speaking) — also affects how we use words in our thinking.

All of this has to do (in my mind) with the different way our right brain, our left brain, and our abilities to transmit, synthesize and understand information between the two were changed through trauma-altered development (and infant abuse) so that our experience of being alive has been fundamentally impacted.

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Doesn’t anybody out there think these facts are worth investigating?  We are absolutely WAY IN THE DARK AGES if the best our culture can do is ‘call us mentally ill’.  We infant abuse survivors are the most sophisticated examples of the range of environmentally adaptive developmental abilities our species has.

That our language development was changed right along with the rest of our body due to severe early trauma should surprise NO ONE.  Why, then, is there not only no USEFUL information available that will explain to us how this process happened and how these changes affect us all of our life — there is NO INFORMATION available at all!

Battered babies don’t simply fall off of the face of the earth.  We survived, we are here — and because we were battered and because we survived — we are different beings from ordinary.  I for one want to know what that MEANS!

The patterns of interaction an infant has with its mother and other earliest primary caregivers not ONLY build our right limbic emotional brain with its patterns of ability to have either emotional regulation or dysregulation for life, these patterns also build our social brain (same hemisphere) at the same time.

Our resulting ability to ‘read social cues’ normally is directly tied along with the development of our body-nervous system-brain through our earliest interactions to the development of our VERBAL LANGUAGE ABILITIES that are intimately connected to our NONVERBAL LANGUAGE ABILITIES.  All of the patterns of communication an infant has with its earliest caregivers ARE a language being spoken.

It is time that all of us understand that being able to communicate efficiently and effectively with others and with our own self are directly formed within us at the same time.  We cannot exclude a study of infant abuse and trauma from the consequences to all of our development – including our language abilities.

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+RAH! RAH! RAH! LET’S HEAR IT FOR THE SUPED UP STRESS RESPONSE!

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I swear my stress response accelerator pedal is GLUED to the floor — stuck on full throttle and WHAT A PAIN IN THE U KNOW WHAT!  Not up for whining about my ‘dis-abilities’ or my day now that I am home after a long day which included ridiculous and stupid state-of-Arizona stupidity bureaucratic STRESS — so just posting THIS from New York City’s Blog — which contains information that alone didn’t get my day off to a happy start:

The Recession and Child Well-Being

Posted: 30 Nov 2010 08:07 AM PST

When the economy takes a downturn, it often hits the most vulnerable children and families the hardest. The recent recession is no exception. As a result of increased poverty, approximately 43 percent of families with children report difficulty in affording stable housing. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of households classified as “food insecure” – 21 percent of all households with children fell into this category in 2008, the highest percentage since 1995 when yearly measurement started, and a nearly 25 percent increase from 2007.

These are the findings of a new series of papers, The Effect of the Recession on Child Well-Being, written by researchers from PolicyLab at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. The report examines four areas – health, food security, housing stability and maltreatment – and reviews the relationship of each to the well-being of children during recessions both past and present. According to the report, it will take years for families to return to pre-recession income levels, with low-income families struggling even longer to rebound. A second key finding is that public programs play a pivotal role in moderating the negative impacts of a recession. A companion set of policy briefs consider the role of public programs in economic recovery and provide recommendations for improving the provision of services to vulnerable children and families as we bounce back from the recession.

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